Establishment of Intestinal Microbiota during Early Life: a Longitudinal, Explorative Study of a Large Cohort of Danish Infants
Establishment of Intestinal Microbiota during Early Life: a Longitudinal, Explorative Study of a Large Cohort of Danish Infants
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.00342-14
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Licht, Tine Rask
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergstrom, Anders;Skov, Thomas Hjort;Licht, Tine Rask
从出生后9个月、18个月和36个月的330名健康丹麦婴儿的队列中获取粪便样本，通过针对代表不同系统发育水平的31个选定细菌16S rRNA基因靶标的定量聚合酶链式反应，能够表征细菌之间的关系。营养参数和生长和身体成分的测量被确定，并与观察到的微生物区系组成的发展关系进行调查。我们发现肠道微生物区系发生了显著的变化，特别是在9到18个月龄，停止母乳喂养和引入补充喂养导致以乳杆菌、双歧杆菌和肠杆菌科为特征的微生物群被以梭状芽孢杆菌为主导的微生物群所取代。和拟杆菌属(Bacteroids spp.)根据类杆菌属的相对水平，按替代肠型对样品进行分类。和普雷沃特拉(Prevoella spp.)表明肠型的建立发生在9到36个月之间。30%的个体在18到36个月之间改变了肠型。停止哺乳的时间对微生物区系组成的影响最大。在9~18月龄，体重指数的增加与短链脂肪酸梭菌、薄梭菌群和哈利氏真细菌的增加呈正相关。考虑到以前建立的婴儿体重快速增加、早期停止母乳喂养和晚年肥胖之间的正相关关系，这里看到的相应的微生物发现值得关注。
Fecal samples were obtained from a cohort of 330 healthy Danish infants at 9, 18, and 36 months after birth, enabling characterization of interbacterial relationships by use of quantitative PCR targeting 31 selected bacterial 16S rRNA gene targets representing different phylogenetic levels. Nutritional parameters and measures of growth and body composition were determined and investigated in relation to the observed development in microbiota composition. We found that significant changes in the gut microbiota occurred, particularly from age 9 to 18 months, when cessation of breastfeeding and introduction of a complementary feeding induce replacement of a microbiota characterized by lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and Enterobacteriaceae with a microbiota dominated by Clostridium spp. and Bacteroides spp. Classification of samples by a proxy enterotype based on the relative levels of Bacteroides spp. and Prevotella spp. showed that enterotype establishment occurs between 9 and 36 months. Thirty percent of the individuals shifted enterotype between 18 and 36 months. The composition of the microbiota was most pro-nouncedly influenced by the time of cessation of breastfeeding. From 9 to 18 months, a positive correlation was observed between the increase in body mass index and the increase of the short-chain-fatty-acid-producing clostridia, the Clostridum leptum group, and Eubacterium hallii. Considering previously established positive associations between rapid infant weight gain, early breastfeeding discontinuation, and later-life obesity, the corresponding microbial findings seen here warrant attention.