Exploiting thermal energy storage to reduce data center capital and operating expenses
Exploiting thermal energy storage to reduce data center capital and operating expenses
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DOI：
10.1109/hpca.2014.6835924
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发表时间：
2014-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wenli Zheng;Kai Ma;Xiaorui Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wenli Zheng;Kai Ma;Xiaorui Wang
最近提出了功率削减以动态地削减具有能量存储设备（ESD）的数据中心的功率峰值，使得可以安全地托管更多的服务器。除了减少资本投资（cap-ex）之外，功率削减还有助于通过降低与峰值功率相关的高公用事业费用来降低数据中心的电费（op-ex）。然而，现有的关于功率剃须的工作仅集中在电ESD（例如，UPS电池）来削减服务器端的电力需求。在本文中，我们提出了TE-Shave，一个通用的功率剃须框架，利用UPS电池和一个新的旋钮，热能存储（TES）坦克装备在许多数据中心。具体来说，TE-Shave利用储存的冷水或冰来控制冷却功率，冷却功率占数据中心总电力成本的30-40%。我们对实际工作负载跟踪的广泛评估表明，对于拥有17，920台服务器的数据中心，TE-Shave可分别节省高达2，668美元/天的资本支出和825美元/天的运营支出。即使对于预计具有更有效冷却并因此具有更小部分冷却功率的未来数据中心，例如，虽然TE-Shave的成本是目前水平的四分之一，但它仍然比只关注服务器端电源的现有工作节省了28%。TE-Shave还与传统的TES解决方案相协调，以进一步降低运营成本。
Power shaving has recently been proposed to dynamically shave the power peaks of a data center with energy storage devices (ESD), such that more servers can be safely hosted. In addition to the reduction of capital investment (cap-ex), power shaving also helps cut the electricity bills (op-ex) of a data center by reducing the high utility tariffs related to peak power. However, existing work on power shaving focuses exclusively on electrical ESDs (e.g., UPS batteries) to shave the server-side power demand. In this paper, we propose TE-Shave, a generalized power shaving framework that exploits both UPS batteries and a new knob, thermal energy storage (TES) tanks equipped in many data centers. Specifically, TE-Shave utilizes stored cold water or ice to manipulate the cooling power, which accounts for 30-40% of the total power cost of a data center. Our extensive evaluation with real-world workload traces shows that TE-Shave saves cap-ex and op-ex up to $2,668/day and $825/day, respectively, for a data center with 17,920 servers. Even for future data centers that are projected to have more efficient cooling and thus a smaller portion of cooling power, e.g., a quarter of today's level, TE-Shave still leads to 28% more savings than existing work that focuses only on the server-side power. TE-Shave is also coordinated with traditional TES solutions for further reduced op-ex.