AGE-DIFFERENCES IN RECALL AND RECOGNITION
AGE-DIFFERENCES IN RECALL AND RECOGNITION
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.13.3.474
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发表时间：
1987-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
MCDOWD, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CRAIK, FIM;MCDOWD, JM
一个实验报告中，年轻人和老年人进行线索回忆和识别测试，同时进行选择反应时的任务。协方差分析，识别性能作为协变量，显示了可靠的年龄递减回忆。因此得出结论，老年人在回忆任务上的表现比在识别任务上的表现更差。性能的次要（反应时间）任务表明，回忆与更大的资源“成本”比承认，这种影响被放大，随着年龄的增长。这一结果与回忆需要比识别更多的处理资源的建议是一致的，并且这些资源随着人们年龄的增长而耗尽。
An experiment is reported in which young and elderly adults performed cued-recall and recognition tests while carrying out a choice reaction-time task. An analysis of covariance, with recognition performance as the covariate, showed a reliable age decrement in recall. It was therefore concluded that older people perform more poorly on recall tasks than they do on recognition tasks. Performance on the secondary (reaction time) task showed that recall was associated with greater resource “costs” than was recognition and that this effect was amplified by increasing age. The results are in line with the suggestion that recall requires more processing resources than does recognition and that such resources are depleted as people grow older.