Litter decomposition and microbial characteristics in agricultural soils in northern, central, and southern Germany
Litter decomposition and microbial characteristics in agricultural soils in northern, central, and southern Germany
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DOI：
10.1080/00380768.2004.10408545
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Munch, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dilly, O;Munch, JC
凋落物和土壤有机质的分解受温度、可用水量、基质质量和土壤微生物活动的控制。然而，分解过程和土壤微生物群落如何相互作用尚不清楚。因此，在德国北部、中部和南部三个地点的可比土壤单元（主要是Luvisols）中对凋落物分解率进行了原位研究，并同时研究了四次非生物因素和微生物特征。垃圾袋中的小麦、黑麦和黑麦草凋落物在野外暴露180天后剩余的无灰质量分别为68%、50%和15%。对于黑麦草凋落物，最高的分解率发生在德国中部地区。相比之下，在无机氮施肥和N-2共生植物占主导地位的北部和南部地点，难降解的黑麦和小麦凋落物分解得更快。快速降解的黑麦草凋落物在早期阶段就被微生物广泛定殖，随后逐渐减少。从整个调查期间来看，不同地点之间垃圾中的微生物特性通常没有显着差异。然而，分解时间、凋落物类型和位置之间确定的相互作用表明，包括代谢响应生物量、碳可用性指数、代谢和呼吸商在内的微生物特征随特定地点的凋落物质量而变化。与富含氮的黑麦草凋落物相比，耐火小麦凋落物在微生物活性土壤中降解最快。
Decomposition of litter and soil organic matter are controlled by temperature, water availability, substrate quality, and soil microbial activities. How the decomposition process and soil microbial communities interact is, however, not well understood. Therefore, litter decomposition rates were studied in situ in comparable soil units, predominantly Luvisols, at three locations in northern, central, and southern Germany and abiotic factors and microbial characteristics were concurrently investigated at four times. The ash-free mass of Triticum, Secale, and Lolium litter remaining after 180 d of field exposure in litter bags was 68, 50, and 15% respectively. For Lolium litter, the highest decomposition rate occurred at the central German site. In contrast, the refractory Secale and Triticum litter was decomposed more rapidly at the northern and southern site where inorganic N was fertilised and plants with N-2 symbiosis were predominant respectively. Rapidly degrading Lolium litter was extensively colonised by microorganisms at the early stages, by successively decreased. When looking at the whole investigation period, the microbial properties in the litter did frequently not differ significantly between the locations. However, the interactions determined between decomposition time, litter type and location indicated that microbial characteristics including metabolic-responsive biomass, carbon availability index, metabolic, and respiratory quotient varied site-specifically dependent litter quality. The refractory Triticum litter was most rapidly degraded in the microbiologically active soil, in contrast to N-rich Lolium litter.