Three-Dimensional Superconducting Nanohelices Grown by He+-Focused-Ion-Beam Direct Writing
Three-Dimensional Superconducting Nanohelices Grown by He+-Focused-Ion-Beam Direct Writing
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03153
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
Maria De Teresa, Jose
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cordoba, Rosa;Mailly, Dominique;Maria De Teresa, Jose
基于复杂三维（3D）纳米级架构的设计的新方案是下一代先进电子元件的发展所必需的。He聚焦离子束（FIB）显微术与前体气体相结合允许人们制造具有极高分辨率和比基于FIB的方法（例如Ga+ FIB诱导沉积或其他增材制造技术）高得多的纵横比的3D纳米结构。在这项工作中，我们报告了通过控制关键沉积参数来制造具有按需几何形状的3D碳化钨纳米螺旋。我们的研究结果显示了迄今为止制造的最小和最高密度的纳米螺旋，直径为100 nm，纵横比高达65。这些纳米螺旋在7 K时成为超导体，并显示出大的临界磁场和临界电流密度。此外，鉴于其螺旋的3D几何形状，指纹的旋涡和相位滑移图案的实验识别和支持的数值模拟的基础上的时间依赖的金-朗道方程。这些结果可以通过螺旋几何结构来理解，螺旋几何结构诱导了特定的超导特性，并为未来的电子元件铺平了道路，例如基于3D紧凑纳米超导体的传感器，储能元件和纳米天线。
Novel schemes based on the design of complex three-dimensional (3D) nanoscale architectures are required for the development of the next generation of advanced electronic components. He focused-ion-beam (FIB) microscopy in combination with a precursor gas allows one to fabricate 3D nanostructures with an extreme resolution and a considerably higher aspect ratio than FIB-based methods, such as Ga+ FIB-induced deposition, or other additive manufacturing technologies. In this work, we report the fabrication of 3D tungsten carbide nanohelices with on-demand geometries via controlling key deposition parameters. Our results show the smallest and highest-densely packed nanohelix ever fabricated so far, with dimensions of 100 nm in diameter and aspect ratio up to 65. These nanohelices become superconducting at 7 K and show a large critical magnetic field and critical current density. In addition, given its helical 3D geometry, fingerprints of vortex and phase-slip patterns are experimentally identified and supported by numerical simulations based on the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation. These results can be understood by the helical geometry that induces specific superconducting properties and paves the way for future electronic components, such as sensors, energy storage elements, and nanoantennas, based on 3D compact nanosuperconductors.