Smoking and pursuit of thinness in schoolgirls in London and Ottawa
Smoking and pursuit of thinness in schoolgirls in London and Ottawa
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DOI：
10.1136/pgmj.74.874.473
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发表时间：
1998-08-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Kiossis, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crisp, AH;Stavrakaki, C;Kiossis, I
有人提出，十几岁的女孩经常吸烟是为了保护自己，以抑制暴饮暴食的冲动，特别是当其他措施，如更大的饮食控制失败时，吸烟会导致体重增加。本研究旨在探讨体重指数和标准化问卷回答吸烟，饮酒，情绪，体重变化，对体重和形状的态度，饮食模式和月经在1936年英国（伦敦）和832加拿大（渥太华）女学生之间的关系。数据分析揭示了吸烟与体重/体型问题之间的联系，以及受试者对这些联系的认识;这两个人群中的吸烟者也有超重但不严重肥胖的趋势。在所有年龄段，吸烟也与绝经后有关。特别是伦敦人群，他们发现吸烟与青春期后某个阶段体重减轻7公斤或更多之间存在关联。吸烟也与少数人在暴饮暴食时经常呕吐有关，这是对体重增加的进一步防御。这些关联与饮酒和吸烟之间的主要和可预测的关联一起存在。英国和加拿大的女学生在吸烟的原因和戒烟的后果方面有着惊人的相似之处。据报道，老年妇女吸烟与体重低于平均水平有关，因此吸烟可能确实有助于抑制体重增加。我们的研究几乎没有提供任何证据表明吸烟与广泛性焦虑或社交焦虑（在任何一个人群中）或抑郁症（在英国队列中）之间存在关联。我们建议，任何预防青少年女性吸烟的心理方法都应该包括关注体重增加焦虑和随之而来的追求苗条。
It has been proposed that teenage girls often smoke cigarettes to protect themselves ham the impulse to binge eat, with its feared weight-gain consequences, particularly when other measures such as greater dietary restraint have failed. The present study looked at the relationship between body mass index and standardised questionnaire responses concerning smoking, alcohol consumption, moods, weight changes, attitudes to body weight and shape, dietary patterns and menstruation in 1936 British (London) and 832 Canadian (Ottawa) schoolgirls. Data analysis revealed links between cigarette smoking and body weight/shape concerns, and awareness by subjects of these links; there was also a tendency far smokers in these two populations to be overweight but not grossly obese. Smoking was also related at all ages to being postmenarchal. The London population in particular revealed an association between smoking and a weight loss of 7 kg or more at some stage since puberty. Smoking was also linked, in a minority, with regular vomiting undertaken as a further defence against weight gain when overeating had occurred. These associations existed alongside the major and predictable association found between alcohol consumption and smoking. Similarities between the British and Canadian schoolgirls were striking in respect of rank order of reasons given for smoking and consequences of giving it up. Since smoking amongst older women is reportedly associated with below-average body weight it may indeed be effective in helping to curb weight gain. Our study provided little evidence of association between smoking and generalised anxiety or social anxiety (in either population), or depression (in the British cohort). We suggest that any preventive psychological approach to teenage female smoking should include attention to weight gain anxiety and consequent pursuit of thinness.