Dietary Phytochemicals, Honey Bee Longevity and Pathogen Tolerance
Dietary Phytochemicals, Honey Bee Longevity and Pathogen Tolerance
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DOI：
10.3390/insects10010014
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Arathi, H. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernklau, Elisa;Bjostad, Louis;Arathi, H. S.
当地草原和野花地自然栖息地的持续丧失正在消除觅食蜜蜂的花粉、花蜜和植物化学物质的各种来源。长期存在的植物-传粉者互惠关系重申了植物化学物质在维持植物-传粉者关系和促进蜜蜂健康方面的作用。本文研究了咖啡因、没食子酸、山奈酚和对香豆酸四种植物化学物质对欧洲蜜蜂Apis Melvena(L.)存活和抗病原菌能力的影响。我们记录了工蜂的寿命，这些工蜂被提供了自由接触添加了不同浓度植物化学物质的糖溶液的机会。我们用原生动物寄生虫--中华微孢子虫人工感染工蜂。让受感染的蜜蜂接触相同浓度的糖溶液中的植物化学物质，并测定它们的寿命和死亡时的孢子载量。补充了饲料植物化学物质的蜜蜂存活的时间更长，而且通常较低的浓度更有益。饮食中的植物化学物质使蜜蜂能够抵抗感染，这一点可以通过减少死亡率来观察。许多植物化学物质是植物防御化合物，授粉者已经进化到可以容忍并从中受益。我们的发现支持了共同进化相互作用的化学基础，并重申了花卉营养来源的多样性通过加强自然的互惠关系来维持健康的蜜蜂种群的重要性。
Continued loss of natural habitats with native prairies and wildflower patches is eliminating diverse sources of pollen, nectar and phytochemicals therein for foraging bees. The longstanding plant-pollinator mutualism reiterates the role of phytochemicals in sustaining plant-pollinator relationship and promoting honey bee health. We studied the effects of four phytochemicals-caffeine, gallic acid, kaempferol and p-coumaric acid, on survival and pathogen tolerance in the European honey bee, Apis mellifera (L.). We recorded longevity of worker bees that were provided ad libitum access to sugar solution supplemented with different concentrations of phytochemicals. We artificially infected worker bees with the protozoan parasite, Nosema ceranae. Infected bees were provided access to the same concentrations of the phytochemicals in the sugar solution, and their longevity and spore load at mortality were determined. Bees supplemented with dietary phytochemicals survived longer and lower concentrations were generally more beneficial. Dietary phytochemicals enabled bees to combat infection as seen by reduced spore-load at mortality. Many of the phytochemicals are plant defense compounds that pollinators have evolved to tolerate and derive benefits from. Our findings support the chemical bases of co-evolutionary interactions and reiterate the importance of diversity in floral nutrition sources to sustain healthy honey bee populations by strengthening the natural mutualistic relationships.