Release of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes in the effluent and biosolids of five wastewater utilities in Michigan
Release of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes in the effluent and biosolids of five wastewater utilities in Michigan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2010.08.033
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Xagoraraki, Irene
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Munir, Mariya;Wong, Kelvin;Xagoraraki, Irene
本研究的目的是量化抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）和抗生素耐药细菌（ARB）通过不同废水处理设施的出水和生物固体进入环境的发生和释放，包括MBR（膜生物反应器）设施，常规设施（活性污泥，氧化沟和旋转生物接触器-红细胞）和多种污泥处理工艺(脱水，重力增稠，厌氧消化和石灰稳定)。对原废水、消毒前后流出物和生物固体样品进行了四环素耐药基因（tetW和tetO）和磺胺耐药基因（suli）以及四环素和磺胺耐药细菌的监测。最终出水中的ARGs和ARB浓度分别在ND（不可检测）-2.33 × 10(6) copies/100 mL和5.00 × 10(2)-6.10 × 10(5) CFU/100 mL的范围内。与传统处理设施相比，MBR出水中ARGs （tetW和tetO）和165 rRNA基因的浓度减少了1-3 log。MBR装置对ARGs和ARB的去除率（去除率范围为2.57 ~ 7.06 log）显著高于传统处理厂（去除率范围为2.37 ~ 4.56 log） （p < 0.05）。消毒（氯化和紫外线）过程对ARGs和ARB的显著降低没有贡献（p > 0.05）。在生物固体中，ARGs和ARB的浓度分别为5.61 × 10(6)-4.32 × 10(9) copies/g和3.17 × 10(4)-1.85 × 10(9) CFU/g。先进生物固体处理方法（即厌氧消化和石灰稳定）与常规脱水和重力浓缩法处理的ARGs（除tetW外）和ARB浓度差异显著（p < 0.05）。(C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
The purpose of this study was to quantify the occurrence and release of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) into the environment through the effluent and biosolids of different wastewater treatment utilities including an MBR (Membrane Biological Reactor) utility, conventional utilities (Activated Sludge, Oxidative Ditch and Rotatory Biological Contactors-RBCs) and multiple sludge treatment processes (Dewatering, Gravity Thickening, Anaerobic Digestion and Lime Stabilization). Samples of raw wastewater, pre- and post-disinfected effluents, and biosolids were monitored for tetracycline resistant genes (tetW and tetO) and sulfonamide resistant gene (Sul-I) and tetracycline and sulfonamide resistant bacteria. ARGs and ARB concentrations in the final effluent were found to be in the range of ND(non-detectable)-2.33 x 10(6) copies/100 mL and 5.00 x 10(2)-6.10 x 10(5) CFU/100 mL respectively. Concentrations of ARGs (tetW and tetO) and 165 rRNA gene in the MBR effluent were observed to be 1-3 log less, compared to conventional treatment utilities. Significantly higher removals of ARGs and ARB were observed in the MBR facility (range of removal: 2.57-7.06 logs) compared to that in conventional treatment plants (range of removal: 2.37-4.56 logs) (p < 0.05). Disinfection (Chlorination and UV) processes did not contribute in significant reduction of ARGs and ARB (p > 0.05). In biosolids, ARGs and ARB concentrations were found to be in the range of 5.61 x 10(6)-4.32 x 10(9) copies/g and 3.17 x 10(4)-1.85 x 10(9) CFU/g, respectively. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in concentrations of ARGs (except tetW) and ARB between the advanced biosolid treatment methods (i.e., anaerobic digestion and lime stabilization) and the conventional dewatering and gravity thickening methods. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.