Non-stick science: Sixty years of research and (in)action on fluorinated compounds
Non-stick science: Sixty years of research and (in)action on fluorinated compounds
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DOI：
10.1177/0306312718799960
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Brown, Phil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Richter, Lauren;Cordner, Alissa;Brown, Phil
对环境治理的理解既假设又挑战专家知识与相应行动之间的关系。我们探讨这种相互作用，通过研究知识生产的背景下有关的一类有争议的化学品。全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是广泛使用的工业化合物，含有碳和氟的化学链，具有持久性，生物累积性和毒性。尽管行业和监管科学家已经研究了这些化合物的暴露和毒性问题数十年，并且一些受污染的社区已经记录了由于其高水平暴露而引起的健康问题，但PFAS仍然普遍存在于各种消费品和工业产品中。尽管行业知识生产记录了暴露和毒性问题的重要历史，但全氟辛烷磺酸的监管方法仍然有限。这在很大程度上是由于监管框架将快速进入市场和商业秘密保护的行业激励措施优先于实质性的公共卫生保护，创造了看不见的科学领域，这些研究是在机构界限之外进行的，但从未分享过。特别是，PFAS的风险在结构上是隐藏的，没有被现有的监管和行业惯例所审查。这揭示了构成社会和科学问题的不平衡途径。
Understandings of environmental governance both assume and challenge the relationship between expert knowledge and corresponding action. We explore this interplay by examining the context of knowledge production pertaining to a contested class of chemicals. Per-and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) are widely used industrial compounds containing chemical chains of carbon and fluorine that are persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic. Although industry and regulatory scientists have studied the exposure and toxicity concerns of these compounds for decades, and several contaminated communities have documented health concerns as a result of their high levels of exposure, PFAS use remains ubiquitous in a large range of consumer and industrial products. Despite this significant history of industry knowledge production documenting exposure and toxicity concerns, the regulatory approach to PFASs has been limited. This is largely due to a regulatory framework that privileges industry incentives for rapid market entry and trade secret protection over substantive public health protection, creating areas of unseen science, research that is conducted but never shared outside of institutional boundaries. In particular, the risks of PFASs have been both structurally hidden and unexamined by existing regulatory and industry practice. This reveals the uneven pathways that construct issues of social and scientific concern.