Fitter frogs from polluted ponds: The complex impacts of human‐altered environments
Fitter frogs from polluted ponds: The complex impacts of human‐altered environments
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DOI：
10.1111/eva.12751
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发表时间：
2019-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Steven P. Brady;F. J. Zamora‐Camacho;Fredrik A. A. Eriksson-Fredrik-A.-A.-Eriksson-2083519035;D. Goedert;Mar Comas;Ryan G Calsbeek
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文献类型：
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作者：
Steven P. Brady;F. J. Zamora‐Camacho;Fredrik A. A. Eriksson-Fredrik-A.-A.-Eriksson-2083519035;D. Goedert;Mar Comas;Ryan G Calsbeek
人类改造的栖息地很少产生符合保护理想的结果。被道路细分的景观也不例外，由于碎片化、污染和道路死亡，对人口产生了负面影响。尽管在人类改造的栖息地中，许多种群表现出局部适应的迹象，但环境变化很少能给具有保护价值的种群带来直接的好处。与预期相反，我们报告了两栖动物种群在道路附近繁殖和居住的令人惊讶的好处。研究表明，与生活在远离道路、较少受干扰环境中的蛙类相比，林蛙（Rana sylvatica）的路边种群表现出更好的运动性能和更高的适应性相关特征。这些结果与之前在其他地方研究的路边林蛙种群适应不良的证据形成对比。我们的研究结果表明，栖息地的改变可能不是绝对有害的，有时可能有助于亚种群的成功。虽然这种有益结果出现的频率尚不清楚，但它们的出现强调了推断环境变化后果的复杂性。
Human‐modified habitats rarely yield outcomes that are aligned with conservation ideals. Landscapes that are subdivided by roads are no exception, precipitating negative impacts on populations due to fragmentation, pollution, and road kill. Although many populations in human‐modified habitats show evidence for local adaptation, rarely does environmental change yield outright benefits for populations of conservation interest. Contrary to expectations, we report surprising benefits experienced by amphibian populations breeding and dwelling in proximity to roads. We show that roadside populations of the wood frog, Rana sylvatica, exhibit better locomotor performance and higher measures of traits related to fitness compared with frogs from less disturbed environments located further away from roads. These results contrast previous evidence for maladaptation in roadside populations of wood frogs studied elsewhere. Our results indicate that altered habitats might not be unequivocally detrimental and at times might contribute to metapopulation success. While the frequency of such beneficial outcomes remains unknown, their occurrence underscores the complexity of inferring consequences of environmental change.