Evaluation of WRF land surface schemes in land-atmosphere exchange simulations over grassland in Southeast Tibet
Evaluation of WRF land surface schemes in land-atmosphere exchange simulations over grassland in Southeast Tibet
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.104739
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发表时间：
2020-04
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Shupo Ma;Libo Zhou;Fei Li;Jinhuan Zhu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shupo Ma;Libo Zhou;Fei Li;Jinhuan Zhu
地表方案（LSS）评估对于青藏高原（TP）的陆地-大气能量交换模拟至关重要，特别是青藏高原东南部地区，这里是青藏高原和南亚大气系统相互作用最严重的地区。 2013年5月20日至7月9日，对藏东南草原进行了观测，测量了辐射热通量、感热通量、潜热通量和地热通量。根据观测数据，对所有七个 WRF（天气研究和预报模型）耦合的 LSS（SLAB、Noah、RUC、Noah-MP、CLM、PX、SSiB）进行了评估。所有 LSS 都可以成功地再现陆地-大气传热的日变化，但与观测值存在幅度差异。 LSS还再现了不同天气条件下陆地-大气交换过程的变化，特别是在南亚夏季风（SASM）南北阶段。然而，与观测相比，LSS 模拟存在很大的差异，这使得我们对藏东南地区的方案评估和最优 LSS 选择变得复杂。进一步的定量研究表明，WRF-Noah 方案在反演陆地-大气传热方面在所有七个 LSS 中表现最好，部分原因在于其最成功的表面温度模拟。我们的结果表明，WRF-Noah 方案应该应用于西藏东南部未来的陆地-大气交换模拟。
Land surface schemes (LSSs) evaluation is essentially important for land-atmosphere energy exchange simulation over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), especially over the Southeast Tibet, where the atmospheric systems of the TP and South Asia interact most. In May 20–July 9, 2013, an observation was conducted over the grassland in the Southeast Tibet, with radiation, sensible, latent and ground heat fluxes measured. Based on the observation data, all seven WRF (the Weather Research and Forecasting Model) coupled LSSs (SLAB, Noah, RUC, Noah-MP, CLM, PX, SSiB) were assessed. All the LSSs can successfully reproduce the diurnal variation of land-atmosphere heat transfer but with amplitude differences from observations. The LSSs also reproduced the variations of land-atmosphere exchange processes under different synoptic situations, especially at the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) south and north phases. However, large magnitude differences exist within the LSSs simulations in comparison with the observations, which complicated our scheme evaluations and optimal LSSs selections for the Southeast Tibet. Further quantitative studies revealed that the WRF-Noah scheme performed the best among all seven LSSs in retrieving the land-atmosphere heat transfer, partly due to the its most successful surface temperature simulation. Our results suggest that the WRF-Noah scheme should be applied for future land-atmosphere exchange simulations over the Southeast Tibet.