Quantitative Comparison of Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnet Motors With Interior Permanent Magnet Motor for EV, HEV, and PHEV Applications
Quantitative Comparison of Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnet Motors With Interior Permanent Magnet Motor for EV, HEV, and PHEV Applications
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DOI：
10.1109/tmag.2012.2190614
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
R. Cao;C. Mi;M. Cheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Cao;C. Mi;M. Cheng
定子上既有磁体又有电枢绕组的永磁电机（定子永磁电机）因其结构简单、结构坚固、功率密度高、散热容易、适合高速运行而备受关注。然而，目前在工业、住宅和汽车应用中的永磁电机仍然以内部永磁电机（IPM）为主，因为定子永磁电机所声称的优势尚未得到充分的研究和验证。因此，本文将对定子永磁电机，即磁通开关永磁电机（FSPM）与2004年普锐斯混合动力汽车（HEV）中使用的IPM进行比较研究。为了进行公平的比较，这两种电机的设计具有相同的相电流、电流密度和尺寸，包括定子外径和堆叠长度。首先，采用有限元方法对Prius-IPM进行了研究。然后用实验结果验证了有限元计算结果，以验证本文研究方法的有效性。其次，基于与Prius-IPM相同的方法，对FSPM的设计进行了优化和研究。第三，比较了两种电机的电磁性能和材料质量。结果表明，FSPM具有更多的正弦反电动势，因此更适合于BLAC控制。它还具有更小的扭矩脉动和更好的机械完整性的优势，可以实现更安全、更平稳的操作。但FSPM存在磁体利用率低、成本高等缺点。在汽车和其他成本限制严格的应用领域，它可能无法与IPM竞争。
Permanent-magnet (PM) motors with both magnets and armature windings on the stator (stator PM motors) have attracted considerable attention due to their simple structure, robust configuration, high power density, easy heat dissipation, and suitability for high-speed operations. However, current PM motors in industrial, residential, and automotive applications are still dominated by interior permanent-magnet motors (IPM) because the claimed advantages of stator PM motors have not been fully investigated and validated. Hence, this paper will perform a comparative study between a stator-PM motor, namely, a flux switching PM motor (FSPM), and an IPM which has been used in the 2004 Prius hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). For a fair comparison, the two motors are designed at the same phase current, current density, and dimensions including the stator outer diameter and stack length. First, the Prius-IPM is investigated by means of finite-element method (FEM). The FEM results are then verified by experimental results to confirm the validity of the methods used in this study. Second, the FSPM design is optimized and investigated based on the same method used for the Prius-IPM. Third, the electromagnetic performance and the material mass of the two motors are compared. It is concluded that FSPM has more sinusoidal back-EMF hence is more suitable for BLAC control. It also offers the advantage of smaller torque ripple and better mechanical integrity for safer and smoother operations. But the FSPM has disadvantages such as low magnet utilization ratio and high cost. It may not be able to compete with IPM in automotive and other applications where cost constraints are tight.