Genomic characterization and epidemiology of an emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant in Delhi, India.
Genomic characterization and epidemiology of an emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant in Delhi, India.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.abj9932
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发表时间：
2021-11-19
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Cherian SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dhar MS;Marwal R;Vs R;Ponnusamy K;Jolly B;Bhoyar RC;Sardana V;Naushin S;Rophina M;Mellan TA;Mishra S;Whittaker C;Fatihi S;Datta M;Singh P;Sharma U;Ujjainiya R;Bhatheja N;Divakar MK;Singh MK;Imran M;Senthivel V;Maurya R;Jha N;Mehta P;A V;Sharma P;Vr A;Chaudhary U;Soni N;Thukral L;Flaxman S;Bhatt S;Pandey R;Dash D;Faruq M;Lall H;Gogia H;Madan P;Kulkarni S;Chauhan H;Sengupta S;Kabra S;Indian SARS-CoV-2 Genomics Consortium (INSACOG)‡;Gupta RK;Singh SK;Agrawal A;Rakshit P;Nandicoori V;Tallapaka KB;Sowpati DT;Thangaraj K;Bashyam MD;Dalal A;Sivasubbu S;Scaria V;Parida A;Raghav SK;Prasad P;Sarin A;Mayor S;Ramakrishnan U;Palakodeti D;Seshasayee ASN;Bhat M;Shouche Y;Pillai A;Dikid T;Das S;Maitra A;Chinnaswamy S;Biswas NK;Desai AS;Pattabiraman C;Manjunatha MV;Mani RS;Arunachal Udupi G;Abraham P;Atul PV;Cherian SS
于二零二一年春季，印度德里经历了一波冠状病毒病例，尽管人口显示出高水平的免疫阳性，但医疗服务不堪重负。达尔等人整理了血清监测、定量聚合酶链反应和基因组数据的混合物，发现2020年和2021年期间，一波又一波的变异病毒在德里人群中传播。alpha（B.1.1.7）变体在2021年3月占主导地位，并在2021年4月和5月迅速被delta（B.1.617.2）变体取代。δ变体通过增强复制、免疫逃避和宿主受体亲合力的突变胜过其前身，从而增加了传播性、再感染和疫苗接种突破。-CA 2021年5月，新型冠状病毒感染病例和死亡人数激增，达到高峰，原因是高传染性和免疫逃避性的δ变体取代了α变体。印度首都德里在2020年经历了多次严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫情，到2021年人口血清阳性率达到50%以上。于二零二一年四月，由于新变种B. 1. 617. 2（Delta）取代B. 1. 1. 7（Alpha），该市因COVID-19病例及死亡人数而不堪重负。贝叶斯模型解释了Delta的生长优势，通过增加的传播性和降低对早期变体产生的免疫反应的敏感性（中位数估计：1.5倍的传播性和20%的敏感性降低）。2021年3月至7月期间，一名员工和家庭队列的血清阳性率从42%上升至87. 5%，其中27%为再感染，这是根据抗体浓度在之前下降后上升来判断的。德尔塔变种可能具有很高的传染性，而且部分地逃避了豁免权，这导致了德里的疫情激增。
In the spring of 2021, Delhi, India experienced a wave of coronavirus cases that overwhelmed healthcare services despite the population showing a high level of immune positivity. Dhar et al. collated a mixture of serosurveillance, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and genomic data, finding that waves of variants had passed through the Delhi population during 2020 and 2021. The alpha (B.1.1.7) variant dominated in March 2021 and was rapidly replaced by the delta (B.1.617.2) variant in April and May 2021. The delta variant outcompeted its predecessors by mutations that enhanced replication, immune evasion, and host receptor avidity, thus increasing transmissibility, reinfection, and vaccination breakthrough. —CA A surge of COVID-19 cases and fatalities peaked in May 2021 as the highly transmissible and immune evasive delta variant replaced the alpha variant. Delhi, the national capital of India, experienced multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreaks in 2020 and reached population seropositivity of >50% by 2021. During April 2021, the city became overwhelmed by COVID-19 cases and fatalities, as a new variant, B.1.617.2 (Delta), replaced B.1.1.7 (Alpha). A Bayesian model explains the growth advantage of Delta through a combination of increased transmissibility and reduced sensitivity to immune responses generated against earlier variants (median estimates: 1.5-fold greater transmissibility and 20% reduction in sensitivity). Seropositivity of an employee and family cohort increased from 42% to 87.5% between March and July 2021, with 27% reinfections, as judged by increased antibody concentration after a previous decline. The likely high transmissibility and partial evasion of immunity by the Delta variant contributed to an overwhelming surge in Delhi.