Commentary: The complexities of minimizing risks due to UV exposures.
Commentary: The complexities of minimizing risks due to UV exposures.
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评论：最大限度地减少紫外线照射带来的风险的复杂性。
DOI：
10.1093/ije/dyn061
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Freedman,DMichal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Freedman,DMichal
多年来，关于太阳紫外线辐射(UV)的公共卫生信息几乎完全集中在它的毒性上。阳光是一个应该避免的风险。然而，正如科学文献和非专业媒体日益强调的那样，紫外线是一种对健康既有害又有益的物质。太阳紫外线暴露对皮肤和眼睛构成了既定的风险，并引发了维生素D的主要来源，公认对骨骼健康和其他可能的健康有益。理解紫外线和人类健康分类账的两方面对于制定公共卫生政策至关重要，该政策将最大限度地减少与紫外线相关的净负担。Lucas等人。1通过使用单一指标[伤残调整寿命年]估计实际紫外线暴露造成的国际疾病负担和如果实现极低的世界紫外线暴露将带来的健康负担，来处理紫外线暴露的复杂性。这种比较仅限于紫外线(主要是黑色素瘤、其他皮肤癌、晒伤和某些类型的白内障)已确定的健康风险，以及维生素D在预防软骨病、骨质疏松症和骨软化方面已确定的健康益处。在研究紫外线损害和维生素D不足之间的潜在权衡时，该研究假设了现有的非紫外线来源的维生素D暴露模式，如饮食(天然和强化食品)和口服补充剂。尽管读者可能会质疑或挑战这种做法背后的无数假设，但这项研究戏剧性地指出，如果公共卫生政策解决紫外线的风险，而没有考虑到它对维生素D状态的影响，可能会有多大的风险。国家癌症研究所，NIH，DHHS，美国马里兰州贝塞斯达。电子邮件：freedmam@mail。美国国立卫生研究院。戈夫
For many years, the public health message about solar ultraviolet radiation (UV) focused nearly exclusively on its toxicity. Sunlight was a risk to be avoided. Yet, as has been increasingly emphasized in the scientific literature and lay press, UV is an agent that poses both harms and benefits to health. Solar UV exposure presents established risks to the skin and eyes, as well as initiating the predominant source of vitamin D, with recognized contributions to bone health and other possible health benefits. Understanding both sides of the UV and human health ledger is crucial to developing public health policy that will minimize the net burdens associated with UV. Lucas et al. 1 address the complexities of UV exposure by estimating with a single metric [disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)] both the international burden of disease resulting from actual exposures to UV and the health burdens that would follow if very low world UV exposures were achieved. The comparison is limited to established health risks of UV, principally melanoma, other skin cancers, sunburn and certain types of cataracts, and the established health benefits of vitamin D in preventing rickets, osteoporosis and osteomalacia. In examining the potential trade-off between UV damage and inadequate vitamin D, the study assumes existing patterns of vitamin D exposure from non-UV sources, such as diet (natural and fortified foods) and oral supplementation. Although, readers may question or challenge the myriad assumptions that underlie such an exercise, the study dramatizes how much may be at stake if public health policy addresses the risks of UV without being mindful of its impact on vitamin D status. National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA. E-mail: freedmam@ mail. nih. gov