Physiological and neuropsychological correlates of approach/withdrawal tendencies in preschool: Further examination of the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System scales for young children
Physiological and neuropsychological correlates of approach/withdrawal tendencies in preschool: Further examination of the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System scales for young children
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DOI：
10.1002/dev.20022
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Granger, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blair, C;Peters, R;Granger, D
本研究探讨了家长报告版本的行为抑制系统/行为激活系统（BIS/BAS）的规模，一种措施的接近-撤回的动机，在170名儿童年龄在3至5岁参加头启动程序。生理测量包括评估基线唾液皮质醇和皮质醇对评估会话的响应变化，以及心脏迷走神经张力的静息和抑制估计。认知自我调节进行了评估与钉敲击措施的抑制控制和项目选择措施的认知定势转移能力结果表明，较高水平的父母报告的退缩动机与皮质醇增加和父母报告的方法的动机往往与皮质醇减少整个评估会议。高水平的父母报告退缩与认知自我调节呈正相关，而父母报告方式与认知自我调节呈负相关。以人为本的分析表明，儿童的特点是高水平的方法和高水平的撤回往往表现出较低的静息迷走神经张力，较高的初始皮质醇，和最小的皮质醇和迷走神经的变化。总体而言，研究结果表明，家长报告版本的BIS/BAS量表的作品以及作为一个指标的儿童的反应，食欲和厌恶的动机刺激。未来的研究方向和影响的纵向研究的气质和人格的结果进行了讨论。(C)2004 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
This study examined a parent-report version of the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) scales, a measure of approach-withdrawal motivation, in 170 children between the ages of 3 to 5 years attending Head Start programs. Physiological measures included assessments of baseline salivary cortisol and change in cortisol in response to the assessment session, and resting and suppression estimates of cardiac vagal tone. Cognitive self-regulation was assessed with a peg-tapping measure of inhibitory control and an item-selection measure of cognitive set-shifting ability Results indicated that higher level of parent-reported withdrawal motivation was associated with cortisol increase and that parent-reported approach motivation tended to be associated with cortisol decrease across the assessment session. Higher level of parent-reported withdrawal also was positively related to cognitive self-regulation while parent-reported approach was negatively related to cognitive self-regulation. Person-oriented analysis indicated that children characterized by both high level of approach and high level of withdrawal tended to exhibit lower resting vagal tone, higher initial cortisol, and minimal cortisol and vagal change. Overall, findings suggest that the parent-report version of the BIS/BAS scales works well as an indicator of children's reactivity to appetitive and aversive motivational stimuli. Directions for future research and implications of findings for the longitudinal study of temperament and personality are discussed. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.