Intraspecific competition favors ant-plant protective mutualism
Intraspecific competition favors ant-plant protective mutualism
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种内竞争有利于蚂蚁-植物保护性互利共生
DOI：
10.1111/1442-1984.12331
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Yamawo Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
御子侑香;坂本卓也;伊藤ななみ;坂本勇貴;松永幸大;奥崎穣;Yamawo Akira
抗草食动物防御对蚂蚁-植物保护性互利共生的依赖性通常取决于非生物和生物条件。虽然种内竞争是相邻植物之间的主要相互作用，但其对蚁-植物互惠关系的影响尚未得到充分阐明。为了确定种内竞争和竞争者基因型对蚂蚁-植物互惠关系的影响，我进行了竞争和蚂蚁清除实验，并研究了它们对Urena lobatavar. tomentosaplants叶片损害的影响。我发现更多的工蚁访问与非兄弟姐妹一起生长的植物，而不是单独生长的植物，与非兄弟姐妹一起生长的植物比单独和/或与兄弟姐妹一起生长的植物有更高的芽根比，分泌更多的花外花蜜。在兄弟姐妹和非兄弟姐妹竞争者的存在下，我观察到，当蚂蚁从植物中被移除时，那些与同种邻居一起生长的植物的特征是比窝藏蚂蚁的植物受损叶面积的百分比更高。蚂蚁排斥对叶损伤的影响在与非同胞一起生长的植物中比在同胞附近生长的植物中更明显。然而，当植物单独生长时，我没有发现排除蚂蚁和庇护蚂蚁的植物之间的叶片损伤百分比有显著差异。结果表明，相邻的植物可以发挥强大的影响，蚂蚁-植物保护互惠，从而突出需要考虑植物-植物的相互作用，这些互惠协会的研究。
The dependency of the anti‐herbivore defense on ant–plant protective mutualism often varies depending on abiotic and biotic conditions. Although intraspecific competition is a primary interaction between neighboring plants, its effects on ant–plant mutualisms have yet to be sufficiently elucidated. In order to determine the effects of intraspecific competition and competitor genotype on ant–plant mutualisms, I conducted competition and ant‐removal experiments and examined their effects on damage to the leaves ofUrena lobatavar.tomentosaplants. I found that larger numbers of worker ants visited the plants growing with non‐siblings than plants growing alone and that plants growing with non‐siblings had a higher shoot to root ratio and secreted greater volumes of extrafloral nectar than plants growing alone and/or with siblings. Under the presence of both sibling and non‐sibling competitors, I observed that when ants were removed from plants, those grown with conspecific neighbors were characterized by a higher percentage of damaged leaf area than plants harboring ants. The effect of ant exclusion on leaf damage was more pronounced in plants grown with non‐siblings than those grown near siblings. However, when the plants were grown alone, I detected no significant difference in percentage leaf damage between the ant‐excluded and ant‐harboring plants. The results indicate that neighboring plants can exert strong effects on ant–plant protective mutualisms, thereby highlighting the need to take into consideration plant–plant interactions in studies on these mutualistic associations.