Self-handicapping and defensive pessimism : exploring a model of predictors and outcomes from a self-protection perspective.
Self-handicapping and defensive pessimism : exploring a model of predictors and outcomes from a self-protection perspective.
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自我设限和防御性悲观主义：从自我保护的角度探索预测因素和结果的模型。
DOI：
10.1037/0022-0663.93.1.87
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
R. Debus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andrew J. Martin;H. Marsh;R. Debus
本研究主要关注自我设限和防御性悲观主义（包括防御性预期和反思）、预测这些策略的因素以及这些策略与各种学术成果之间的关联。主要发现是，任务导向消极地预测自我设限和防御性期望，并积极地预测反思性；不确定的个人控制力积极预测防御期望，并在较小程度上预测自我设限；外部归因取向与自我设限呈正相关，在较小程度上与防御期望呈正相关。自我设限和防御性期望都与自我调节和坚持负相关，而反思性与这些结果正相关。自我设限程度较高的学生年终成绩低于自我设限程度较低的学生，并且一年后出勤的可能性也较小。
The present study is centrally concerned with self-handicapping and defensive pessimism (comprising defensive expectations and reflectivity), the factors that predict these strategies, and the associations between these strategies and a variety of academic outcomes. Major findings are that task orientation negatively predicts both self-handicapping and defensive expectations and positively predicts reflectivity; uncertain personal control positively predicts defensive expectations, and to a lesser extent, self-handicapping; and an external attributional orientation is positively associated with self-handicapping, and to a lesser extent, defensive expectations. Both self-handicapping and defensive expectations are negatively associated with self-regulation and persistence, whereas reflectivity is positively associated with these outcomes. Students high in self-handicapping received lower end-of-year grades than did students low in self-handicapping and were less likely to be in attendance 1 year later.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
SCHEIER, MF;CARVER, CS;BRIDGES, MW
通讯作者：
BRIDGES, MW