Two Myomodulins Isolated from Central Nervous System of Northwest Pacific Sea Hare, Aplysia kurodai, and Their Activities on Other Mollusks
Two Myomodulins Isolated from Central Nervous System of Northwest Pacific Sea Hare, Aplysia kurodai, and Their Activities on Other Mollusks
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DOI：
10.2174/0929866522666150209125800
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Park, Nam Gyu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim, Chan-Hee;Go, Hye-Jin;Park, Nam Gyu
海兔的中枢神经系统(CNS)是识别和表征神经肽和神经递质的一个有趣的来源，因为它提供了许多有用的发散和汇聚的神经元聚集体。本研究采用高效液相色谱分离系统，以紫贻贝(Mytilis Edulis)的前部牵引肌(ABRM)为生物测定系统，从西北太平洋黑海兔(Aplysia Kurodai)中枢神经系统提取液中分离出两种神经肽。通过氨基酸序列测定和分子质量分析，对纯化的多肽--肌调节蛋白A(MMA)和E(MME)进行了鉴定。MMA在100 nM或100 nM以下有增强作用，而100 nM以上剂量对重复电刺激Mytilus ABRM引起的时相收缩有抑制作用。然而，MME仅在所有受试浓度下抑制时相收缩。MME对乙酰胆碱刺激的ABRM的松弛捕捉张力的作用是MMA的100倍。与其他已知的软体动物神经肽相比，MMA和MME都有效地刺激了非洲巨型蜗牛Achat ina fulica的作物和牵引肌的反应。这些结果表明，MMA和MME可能广泛分布于海兔的中枢神经系统，通过兴奋性和抑制性神经元发挥神经调节作用，并可能参与其他软体动物的消化和生殖活动。
The central nervous system (CNS) of Aplysia is a fascinating source to identify and characterize neuropeptides and neurotransmitters because of offering many useful divergent and convergent neuronal aggregates. Here, two neuropeptides were isolated from the extract of CNS of the northwest pacific sea hare, Aplysia kurodai, using HPLC system for fractionation and the anterior byssus retractor muscle (ABRM) of the Mytilis edulis as the bioassay system. Purified peptides, myomodulin A (MMA) and E (MME), were determined by amino acid sequencing and molecular mass analysis. MMA showed a potentiating effect at 100 nM or lower, on the contrary, an inhibitory effect at higher doses from 100 nM on phasic contraction elicited by repetitive electrical stimulation on the ABRM of Mytilus. However, MME only inhibited phasic contraction with all examined concentrations. MME revealed 100 times more potent activity than that of MMA on the relaxing catch-tension of ABRM stimulated by acetylcholine. Both MMA and MME potently stimulated a response on the crop and penial retractor muscle of the African giant snail, Achatina fulica, compared with other known mollusks neuropeptides. These results suggest that MMA and MME may be broadly distributed in CNS of Aplysia to function a neuromodulatory role controlled via excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and may be involved in the digestive and reproductive activity in other mollusk.