Continuous Stimulation and Threshold of Axons: The Other Legacy of Kenneth Cole
Continuous Stimulation and Threshold of Axons: The Other Legacy of Kenneth Cole
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4613-3297-8_12
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发表时间：
1981
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Jakobsson;R. Guttman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Jakobsson;R. Guttman
在这篇文章中，我们将讨论一个既具有高度科学兴趣，也是凯西·科尔对我们的理解做出重大贡献的领域。我们都非常清楚凯西·科尔在阐明膜阻抗和电容在兴奋性中的作用方面所起的作用，最终发明了电压钳(Cole，1949；Cole和Curtis，1938)，它彻底地和不可逆转地改变了电生理学和生物物理学。而且，当我们查阅当今的文献时，人们会忍不住认为电压钳是科尔的遗产，科尔是他在科学版图上留下的主要里程碑。当然，钳子已被证明是探索兴奋性潜在机制不可或缺的工具，正如一群工人所证明的那样，他们手持钳子，每天与轴突、细胞体、大量肌肉细胞和合胞体的奥秘作斗争，最近甚至与神经母细胞瘤之类的东西作斗争(Moolenar和Spector，1978)；但我们中的一些人，在钳子的人中相对较少，他们至少花了一部分时间走一条略有不同的道路来试图理解兴奋性，我们发现这条道路也是凯西·科尔最先走过的。我们指的是离子电流和神经的被动属性如何结合在一起产生阈值、调节、重复放电等属性的研究，实际上是决定信息在神经膜中如何组织和整合的一整套可兴奋膜属性的研究。
In this paper we will discuss an area which is both of high scientific interest and also one in which Kacy Cole has contributed greatly to our understanding. We all know pretty well Kacy Cole’s role in clarifying the roles of the membrane impedance and capacitance in excitability culminating in the invention of the voltage clamp (Cole, 1949; Cole and Curtis, 1938), which changed electrophysiology and biophysics drastically and irreversibly. And, as we look in the present-day literature, one is tempted to consider the voltage clamp as the legacy of Cole, the major landmark that he has left on the scientific landscape. Certainly the clamp has proven to be an indispensable tool for exploring the mechanisms underlying excitability, as is testified to by the army of workers who, armed with clamp, daily do battle with the mysteries of axons, cell bodies, a great array of muscle cells and syncytia, and recently even such things as neuroblastomas (Moolenar and Spector, 1978); but there are some of us, a relatively small fraction of those who clamp, who spend at least part of our time following a somewhat different path in trying to understand excitability, and we find that this path too has first been trod by Kacy Cole. We refer to the study of how ionic currents and the passive properties of nerve combine to produce such properties as thresholds, accommodation, repetitive firing, indeed the whole array of excitable membrane properties that determine how information is organized and integrated in neural membranes.