Metabolic influences on neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction.
Metabolic influences on neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction.
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DOI：
10.1097/med.0b013e32836318ce
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发表时间：
2013-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kaiser UB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Navarro VM;Kaiser UB
生殖是一种受到严格调控的功能，其中许多机制有助于确保物种的生存。其中，由于生殖对能量需求的提高，代谢因子在下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的调控中起着举足轻重的作用。虽然这种控制可能发生在轴的多个水平上，但代谢系统和生殖系统之间的大多数相互作用发生在下丘脑。在这篇文章中，我们提出了在中央水平的生殖代谢调节的最先进的知识的概述。我们的目标是通过讨论控制促性腺激素释放激素释放的神经元层次网络的每个组成部分对代谢信号（特别是外周代谢信号瘦素、胰岛素和胃饥饿素）的一级反应的可能性，确定两种功能相互联系的神经解剖学位置。最新证据表明，瘦素、胰岛素和胃饥饿素调节生殖的主要作用位于促性腺激素释放的主要中枢激发子的上游，Kiss1和促性腺激素释放激素神经元，并且在神经解剖学上与其代谢作用分离。对代谢和生殖机制之间神经元相互作用的研究为克服或治疗许多普遍存在的代谢和/或生殖条件提供了平台。
Reproduction is a tightly regulated function in which many mechanisms contribute to ensure the survival of the species. Among those, due to the elevated energy requirements of reproduction, metabolic factors exert a pivotal role in the control of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Although this control may occur at multiple levels of the axis, the majority of interactions between metabolic and reproductive systems take place in the hypothalamus. In this article, we present an overview of the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding the metabolic regulation of reproduction at the central level. We aim to identify the neuroanatomical location where both functions interconnect by discussing the likelihood of each component of the neuronal hierarchical network controlling gonadotropin-releasing hormone release to be first-order responders to metabolic cues, especially the peripheral metabolic signals leptin, insulin, and ghrelin. Latest evidence suggests that the primary action of leptin, insulin, and ghrelin to regulate reproduction is located upstream of the main central elicitors of gonadotropin release, Kiss1 and gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons, and neuroanatomically separated from their metabolic action. The study of the neuronal interactions between the mechanisms governing metabolism and reproduction offers the platform to overcome or treat a number of prevailing metabolic and/or reproductive conditions.