Reliability and determinants of anogenital distance and penis dimensions in male newborns from Chiapas, Mexico
Reliability and determinants of anogenital distance and penis dimensions in male newborns from Chiapas, Mexico
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3016.2007.00810.x
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Longnecker, Matthew P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Romano-Riquera, S. Patricia;Hernandez-Avila, Mauricio;Longnecker, Matthew P.
会阴和外生殖器的发育由双氢睾酮决定，导致男性的肛门生殖器距离（AGD）大于女性。在使用生殖活性药物的动物实验中，肛门生殖器距离被用作胎儿雄激素作用的生物测定。在人类研究中使用肛门与生殖器距离是罕见的。由于肛门与生殖器距离在动物研究中是一个易于测量的敏感结果，因此我们开发了一种用于测量人类男性肛门与生殖器距离的人体测量方案。在本文中，我们描述了测量的方法，三个肛门生殖器的距离，其可靠性，和评估的预测因素，每个在流行病学研究的背景下。我们比较了阴茎伸展长度和阴茎宽度的可靠性和预测因素。2002-03年在墨西哥恰帕斯州对781名新生男婴进行了横断面研究。几乎在所有受试者中获得了重复测量。肛门-生殖器距离的可靠性（0.82-0.91）高于阴茎伸直长度（0.78）和阴茎伸直宽度（0.75）。胎儿体重和妊娠长度与肛门生殖器距离的相关性比与阴茎长度的相关性更强。肛门生殖器距离与阴茎长度无相关性（r = 0.03）。我们的大型研究清楚地表明，AGD可以很好地测量新生男性，并且测量结果比阴茎长度更可靠。然而，AGD指标在人类中是否与临床重要结局相关仍有待确定，其在流行病学研究中作为雄激素作用指标的实用性也有待确定。
Development of the perineum as well as the external genitalia is determined by dihydrotestosterone, resulting in a greater anogenital distance (AGD) in males than females. In animal experiments with hormonally active agents, anogenital distance is used as a bioassay of fetal androgen action. Use of anogenital distance in human studies has been rare. Because anogenital distance has been an easy-to-measure, sensitive outcome in animal studies, we developed an anthropometric protocol for measurement of anogenital distance in human males. In this paper we describe the method for measurement of three anogenital distances, their reliability, and an assessment of predictors for each in the context of an epidemiological study. We compare the reliabilities and predictors to those for stretched penis length and penis width.A cross-sectional study of 781 newly delivered male infants was conducted in 2002-03 in Chiapas, Mexico. Replicate measures were obtained on nearly all subjects. The reliability of the measures of anogenital distance (0.82-0.91) were higher than for stretched penis length (0.78) and width (0.75). Birthweight and gestational length were more strongly related to anogenital distance than to penis length. Anogenital distance was not related to penis length (r = 0.03).Our large study clearly shows that AGD can be measured well in newborn males, and that the measurements were more reliable than those of penis length. Whether AGD measures in humans relate to clinically important outcomes, however, remains to be determined, as does its utility as a measure of androgen action in epidemiological studies.