The Use of Telehealth Technology to Support Health Coaching for Older Adults: Literature Review.
The Use of Telehealth Technology to Support Health Coaching for Older Adults: Literature Review.
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DOI：
10.2196/23796
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发表时间：
2021-01-29
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Fields S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Markert C;Sasangohar F;Mortazavi BJ;Fields S
健康指导是一种干预过程，通过设定目标、教育、鼓励和对健康相关行为的反馈来推动行为改变。包括健康指导和远程监测在内的远程保健系统正在管理慢性病方面取得进展，可能特别适合老年人。这篇文献综述旨在调查健康指导干预措施的现状，包括远程医疗技术和这种干预措施的相关有效性，以提供医疗保健，重点是老年人（65岁及以上）。进行了文献综述，以确定进行的研究健康指导结合远程监测提供医疗保健老年人。使用相关检索词（包括中年、老年、老年人、老年人、健康指导和健康指导）的组合对奥维德MEDLINE和CINAHL数据库进行了查询。检索检索到2010年1月至2019年9月发表的196篇英文论文。在系统综述过程之后，筛选检索到的论文标题和摘要是否适用于老年人健康指导，以定义一个子集进行进一步综述。如果研究人群不包括老年人，则排除论文。然后对这一子集中的42篇论文的全文进行了审查，其中13篇与老年人健康指导结合远程监测相关的论文被纳入本综述。在审查的13项研究中，10项发现远程保健技术支持的辅导提供了有效的结果。研究中评估的有效性结局包括住院/再入院、死亡率、血红蛋白A1 c（HbA 1c）水平、体重、血压、体力活动水平、疲劳、生活质量以及用户对指导计划和技术的接受程度。包括健康辅导在内的远程保健系统已在老年人中实施，作为管理慢性病的可行干预方法，结果好坏参半。健康指导与远程保健相结合可能是向老年人提供保健的有效解决方案。然而，健康教练主要由人类教练执行，有限地使用技术来增强或取代人类教练。有机会扩大健康辅导，包括自动辅导。
Health coaching is an intervention process for driving behavior change through goal-setting, education, encouragement, and feedback on health-related behaviors. Telehealth systems that include health coaching and remote monitoring are making inroads in managing chronic conditions and may be especially suited for older populations. This literature review aimed to investigate the current status of health coaching interventions incorporating telehealth technology and the associated effectiveness of this intervention to deliver health care with an emphasis on older adults (aged 65 and older). A literature review was conducted to identify the research conducted on health coaching combined with remote monitoring for delivering health care to older adults. The Ovid MEDLINE and CINAHL databases were queried using a combination of relevant search terms (including middle aged, aged, older adult, elderly, health coaching, and wellness coaching). The search retrieved 196 papers published from January 2010 to September 2019 in English. Following a systematic review process, the titles and abstracts of the papers retrieved were screened for applicability to health coaching for older adults to define a subset for further review. Papers were excluded if the studied population did not include older adults. The full text of the 42 papers in this subset was then reviewed, and 13 papers related to health coaching combined with remote monitoring for older adults were included in this review. Of the 13 studies reviewed, 10 found coaching supported by telehealth technology to provide effective outcomes. Effectiveness outcomes assessed in the studies included hospital admissions/re-admissions, mortality, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, body weight, blood pressure, physical activity level, fatigue, quality of life, and user acceptance of the coaching program and technology. Telehealth systems that include health coaching have been implemented in older populations as a viable intervention method for managing chronic conditions with mixed results. Health coaching combined with telehealth may be an effective solution for providing health care to older adults. However, health coaching is predominantly performed by human coaches with limited use of technology to augment or replace the human coach. The opportunity exists to expand health coaching to include automated coaching.