The Role of Dwarfing Traits in Historical and Modern Agriculture with a Focus on Rice
The Role of Dwarfing Traits in Historical and Modern Agriculture with a Focus on Rice
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a034645
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Assmann, Sarah M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferrero-Serrano, Angel;Cantos, Christian;Assmann, Sarah M.
半矮秆是一种重要的农艺性状，可以减少倒伏，提高收获指数。20世纪60年代绿色革命的一个根本性进展是引进了水稻和小麦的半矮秆品种。基本上，所有半矮秆品种的水稻栽培下，今天欠他们的身材减少一个特定的无效突变赤霉酸（GA）的生物合成基因，SD1。然而，它现在是公认的，除了气体，油菜素类固醇和独脚金内酯也控制植物高度。在这篇综述中，我们描述了这三种激素的合成和信号转导途径在水稻中的理解，并讨论了这些途径中的突变体和转基因，赋予semidwarfism和其他有价值的建筑性状。我们认为，这些基因为拓宽半矮秆水稻育种的遗传基础和种质资源提供了未充分利用的机会。
Semidwarf stature is a valuable agronomic trait in grain crops that reduces lodging and increases harvest index. A fundamental advance during the 1960s Green Revolution was the introduction of semidwarf cultivars of rice and wheat. Essentially, all semidwarf varieties of rice under cultivation today owe their diminished stature to a specific null mutation in the gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis gene, SD1. However, it is now well-established that, in addition to GAs, brassinosteroids and strigolactones also control plant height. In this review, we describe the synthesis and signaling pathways of these three hormones as understood in rice and discuss the mutants and transgenics in these pathways that confer semidwarfism and other valuable architectural traits. We propose that such genes offer underexploited opportunities for broadening the genetic basis and germplasm in semidwarf rice breeding.