BRITTLESTAR COLOR-CHANGE AND PHOTOTAXIS (ECHINODERMATA - OPHIUROIDEA - OPHIOCOMIDAE)
BRITTLESTAR COLOR-CHANGE AND PHOTOTAXIS (ECHINODERMATA - OPHIUROIDEA - OPHIOCOMIDAE)
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0485.1984.tb00131.x
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
HENDLER, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HENDLER, G
在第一项关于海蛇尾颜色变化的决定性研究中，据报道，4 个加勒比海蛇尾物种：Ophiocoma echinata、O. paucigrinata、O. pumila 和 O. wendti 会从白天到晚上改变颜色。 O. wendti 的颜色变化最为显着，白天呈深棕色，从黄昏到黎明呈灰色和黑色带状。这种转变发生在 3-4 小时内，并受到色素细胞的影响，色素细胞似乎对光照做出反应，独立于中枢神经系统。颜色变化也可能由内源性节律介导。 O. wendti 比其他 3 个物种对光的反应更灵敏。已测试。它对夜间光照水平的反应比白天低，在月光和阳光下都表现出负趋光性。颜色变化可能会暴露（或屏蔽）控制海蛇尾对珊瑚礁中阴影裂缝的检测的光敏组织。因此，色素细胞的活动可能与海蛇尾抵御捕食者的主要防御能力、探测阴影和逃入黑暗缝隙的能力有关。尽管迄今为止对掠食性鱼类的实验是模棱两可的，但蛇形鱼属的颜色模式。可以提供保护性伪装。
In the 1st decisive study of color-change in brittlestars, 4 Caribbean species, Ophiocoma echinata, O. paucigranulata, O. pumila and O. wendti are reported to change color from day to night. Color-change is most striking in O. wendti, which is dark brown during the day, and is banded gray and black from dusk to dawn. The transformation occurs over a 3-4 h period and is effected by chromatophores which appear to respond to illumination, independently of the CNS. Color-change may also be mediated by an endogenous rhythm. O. wendti is more responsive to light than the other 3 spp. tested. It reacts to lower levels of illumination at night than during the day, exhibiting negative phototaxis in moonlight as well as in sunlight. Color-change may expose (or shield) photosensitive tissues that control the brittlestar''s detection of shaded fissures in the reef. Thereby, chromatophore activity may be connected with the brittlestar''s chief defense from predators, the ability to detect shadow and escape into darkened crevices. Although experiments to date with predacious fish are equivocal, the color patterns of Ophiocoma spp. may provide protective camouflage.