Cortisol as Mediator of Stress-Associated Immunosuppression in Cattle
Cortisol as Mediator of Stress-Associated Immunosuppression in Cattle
复制标题
皮质醇作为牛应激相关免疫抑制的调节剂
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Roth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Roth
压力是一个术语，用来描述对动物的各种不利的外部影响。一些研究人员认为压力是外部影响的内部表现，或“压力源”。对于什么构成了动物的压力，或者压力应该如何定义，目前还没有普遍的共识（29）。然而，很明显，压力会导致对疾病的易感性增加，而易感性的增加部分是由于免疫功能的改变（47）。本书的其他章节讨论了应激引起的免疫系统改变，并说明了各种应激源影响的复杂性。为了了解应激对免疫系统的影响，研究应激诱导的免疫抑制的个体机制是很重要的。也许最容易分离和定义的机制是血浆皮质醇浓度升高引起的免疫抑制。身体对压力的一般反应是从垂体前叶释放促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH），它刺激肾上腺皮质增加皮质醇（氢化可的松）的合成和分泌。如果皮质醇对免疫系统的影响可以被定义，那么应激对宿主防御机制的其他影响，可能是特定应激源所特有的，并叠加在皮质醇效应上，就可以更好地理解。
Stress is a term used to describe a wide variety of adverse external influences on an animal. Some researchers consider stress to be the internal manifestation of the external influence, or “stressor.” There is no general agreement as to what constitutes a stress on an animal or how stress should be defined (29). It is clear, however, that stress can lead to increased susceptibility to disease and that the increased susceptibility is partially due to alterations in immune function (47). Other chapters in this book address stress-induced alterations in the immune system and illustrate the complexity of the effects of various stressors. To understand the effects of stress on the immune system it is important to study individual mechanisms of stress-induced immunosuppression. Perhaps the easiest mechanism to separate and define is the immunosuppression caused by increased plasma cortisol concentrations. A general response of the body to stress is the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary gland, which stimulates the adrenal cortex to increase the synthesis and secretion of cortisol (hydrocortisone). If the effects of cortisol on the immune system can be defined, then the other effects of stress on host defense mechanisms, which may be unique to specific stressors and superimposed on the cortisol effect, can be better understood.
糖皮质激素诱导的免疫抑制机制：对 Fc 受体表达和 T 细胞生长因子产生的抑制作用。
DOI：
10.1016/0022-4731(80)90305-2
发表时间：
1980
期刊：
Journal of steroid biochemistry
影响因子：
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作者：
Crabtree,GR;Gillis,S;Smith,KA;Munck,A
通讯作者：
Munck,A
压力和免疫功能。
影响因子：
1
作者：
Glaser,R;Kiecolt-Glaser,JK
通讯作者：
Kiecolt-Glaser,JK