Covid-19, the collapse in passenger demand and airport charges
Covid-19, the collapse in passenger demand and airport charges
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jairtraman.2020.101932
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Niemeier, Hans-Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forsyth, Peter;Guiomard, Cathal;Niemeier, Hans-Martin
本文分析了机场对需求崩溃（如新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19，即2019冠状病毒病）引发的需求崩溃）的价格反应。在危机中，机场需要实现生存能力，在短期内通过充足的流动性，在长期内，通过支付成本。从公共政策的角度来看，危机中的价格上涨被认为是不可取的，因为它们将进一步危及航空公司和旅游业的生存能力，以及更广泛的经济运输利益，如连通性。机场的体制环境因机场而异;有些是公有的，有些是私营的但受到管制，还有一些面临竞争。考虑了每种（6种）机场的价格反应，以及政策如何在危机中保持低价格，同时确保长期可行性。如果监管机构坚持，受监管的机场可以推迟涨价，直到需求恢复。政府可以指导公有机场保持低收费。各国政府还可以声明，那些不受监管的机场提高了收费，今后可能会受到价格监管。有竞争力的机场将无法提高收费，但这可能危及它们的生存能力。在这种情况下以及其他机场可能需要财政援助的情况下，援助可以以在危机期间保持低收费为条件。
This paper analyses the price responses of airports to a demand collapse, such as that prompted by Covid-19. In the crisis, airports need to achieve viability, in the short run through sufficient liquidity, and in the long run, by covering costs. From a public policy viewpoint, price increases in a crisis are argued to be undesirable, as they would further jeopardise the viability of airlines and tourism as well as the wider economic transport benefits such as connectivity. The institutional environment of airports differs from airport to airport; some are publicly owned, others are private but regulated, and others face competition. The price response of each (of 6) types of airport is considered, and how policy could respond to keep prices low in the crisis while ensuring longer term viability. Regulated airports could defer price increases until demand had recovered, if regulators insisted they do so. Publicly-owned airports could be directed by governments to keep charges low. Governments might also state that unregulated airports that raised charges could be made subject to price regulation in the future. Competitive airports would be unable to raise charges but this could jeopardise their viability. In this case and others where airports might need financial assistance, assistance could be made conditional on keeping charges low in the crisis.