Soil Management and Grass Species Effects on the Hydraulic Properties of Shrinking Soils
Soil Management and Grass Species Effects on the Hydraulic Properties of Shrinking Soils
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DOI：
10.2136/sssaj2009.0284
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Matthews, G. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gregory, A. S.;Webster, C. P.;Matthews, G. P.
在小区尺度上，研究了不同牧草根系对土壤水力性质的影响。为了实现这一目标，我们建立了一个现场实验中，六个不同的草品种种植在北怀克，英国的复制现场地块。我们使用张力入渗测量来评估土壤水力特性和结构。这些测量是在连续两个季节进行的。还对取自北怀克场地的土样进行了收缩性、斥水性和水分释放特性的测量。我们还想比较不同草对土壤结构的影响与土壤管理差异的影响;因此，我们在英国哈彭登的罗森斯特德进行了一项长期实验，对休闲土壤、永久草地和耕地进行了张力渗透测量。哈彭登。结果表明，种草土壤毛管基质的饱和导水率与草种有关。草种影响的特征孔径估计张力渗透数据。在Rothamsted现场，我们能够推断出大孔隙结构的发展可以排序为草地>耕地>休闲地（从大孔隙的最大量到最小量）。在北怀克试验场，所有草地均显示出大孔结构的证据，与洛桑斯特德草地试验场一致，但草种之间似乎没有任何变化。我们的结论是，土壤结构的变化可能是由于物理重排的土壤颗粒收缩。
In this study, we explored the effect of the roots of different forage grasses on soil hydraulic properties at the plot scale. To achieve this, we set up a field experiment in which six different grass cultivars were grown on replicated field plots at North Wyke, UK. We used tension infiltration measurements to assess soil hydraulic properties and structure. These measurements were made over two consecutive seasons. Measurements of shrinkage, water repellence, and the water release characteristic on soil samples taken from the North Wyke site were also made. We also wanted to compare the effects of different grasses on soil structure with the effects of differences in soil management; we therefore made tension infiltration measurements on fallow soil, permanent grassland, and arable land on a long-term experiment at Rothamsted, Harpenden, UK. Our data showed that the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the capillary matrix of the soil sown with grass depended on the grass species. Grass species affected the characteristic pore size estimated from tension infiltration data. At the Rothamsted site, we were able to infer that the development of macropore structure can be ranked grassland > arable > fallow (from the greatest to the least amount of macropores). In the North Wyke site, all the grass plots showed evidence of a macropore structure, consistent with the grassland site at Rothamsted, but there did not appear to be any variation between grass species. We concluded that changes to soil structure were probably due to physical rearrangement of soil particles by shrinkage.