New elevation data triple estimates of global vulnerability to sea-level rise and coastal flooding

New elevation data triple estimates of global vulnerability to sea-level rise and coastal flooding
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-019-12808-z
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发表时间:
2019-10-29
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Strauss, Benjamin H.
Strauss, Benjamin H.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kulp, Scott A.;Strauss, Benjamin H.

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对本世纪全球平均海平面上升的大多数估计都在2米以下。这一数字与用于评估全球和国家人口暴露于极端沿海水位的主要数字高程模型(DEM)的正垂直偏差相当。海岸DEM是一种利用神经网络来减小SRTM误差的新型DEM。在这里,我们利用沿海数字高程模型(Coastal DEM)显示,在低碳排放下,目前全球有1.9亿人(1.5亿-2.5亿人,90%的CI)在低于预计2100年高潮线的土地上占用土地,高于目前的1.1亿人,中位数增加了8000万人。这些数字是基于SRTM的值的三倍。在高排放的情况下,Coastal DEM显示,多达6.3亿人生活在低于2100年预计年洪水水位的土地上,到本世纪中叶达到3.40亿人,而目前约为2.5亿人。我们估计,目前有10亿人居住在高于当前高潮线不到10米的土地上,其中包括低于1米的250米。
Most estimates of global mean sea-level rise this century fall below 2 m. This quantity is comparable to the positive vertical bias of the principle digital elevation model (DEM) used to assess global and national population exposures to extreme coastal water levels, NASA's SRTM. Coastal DEM is a new DEM utilizing neural networks to reduce SRTM error. Here we show - employing Coastal DEM-that 190 M people (150-250 M, 90% CI) currently occupy global land below projected high tide lines for 2100 under low carbon emissions, up from 110 M today, for a median increase of 80 M. These figures triple SRTM-based values. Under high emissions, Coastal DEM indicates up to 630 M people live on land below projected annual flood levels for 2100, and up to 340 M for mid-century, versus roughly 250 M at present. We estimate one billion people now occupy land less than 10 m above current high tide lines, including 250 M below 1 m.