Physical and biological aspects of renal vitrification
Physical and biological aspects of renal vitrification
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DOI：
10.4161/org.5.3.9974
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Phan, Laura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fahy, Gregory M.;Wowk, Brian;Phan, Laura
冷冻保存将极大地促进实验室生产的器官和组织的库存控制和分配。虽然简单的冷冻方法对许多简单的组织是有效的，但生物人工器官和复杂的组织结构可能会因冰的形成和溶解而发生不可接受的改变。玻璃化，即生命系统中的液体在低温下转化为玻璃态，提供了一种潜在的冷冻替代方案，原则上可以完全避免冰的形成。本报告提供了一个简要概述的问题，肾玻璃化。我们在这里报告的详细的情况下，兔肾存活的玻璃化冷冻和随后的移植的情况下，既证明了复杂的系统玻璃化冷冻的基本可行性和仍然必须克服的障碍，其中主要的一个在肾脏的情况下，是足够的分布的冷冻保护剂的肾髓质。可以通过监测尿液中冷冻保护剂的浓度来监测髓平衡，并且尿液流速与玻璃化溶液粘度和平衡速度相关。通过考虑这些因素，并通过根据在玻璃化中存活的肾脏的情况使用更高的灌注压，可以设计用于平衡肾脏的方案，以防止脱玻璃化和过度的冷冻保护剂毒性。
Cryopreservation would potentially very much facilitate the inventory control and distribution of laboratory-produced organs and tissues. Although simple freezing methods are effective for many simple tissues, bioartificial organs and complex tissue constructs may be unacceptably altered by ice formation and dissolution. Vitrification, in which the liquids in a living system are converted into the glassy state at low temperatures, provides a potential alternative to freezing that can in principle avoid ice formation altogether. The present report provides a brief overview of the problem of renal vitrification. We report here the detailed case history of a rabbit kidney that survived vitrification and subsequent transplantation, a case that demonstrates both the fundamental feasibility of complex system vitrification and the obstacles that must still be overcome, of which the chief one in the case of the kidney is adequate distribution of cryoprotectant to the renal medulla. Medullary equilibration can be monitored by monitoring urine concentrations of cryoprotectant, and urine flow rate correlates with vitrification solution viscosity and the speed of equilibration. By taking these factors into account and by using higher perfusion pressures as per the case of the kidney that survived vitrification, it is becoming possible to design protocols for equilibrating kidneys that protect against both devitrification and excessive cryoprotectant toxicity.