Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-444-53485-9.00020-9
复制
发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rocca, Maria A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Filippi, Massimo;Preziosa, Paolo;Rocca, Maria A.
由于其对不同多发性硬化症（MS）相关异常的敏感性，磁共振成像（MRI）已成为诊断MS和监测其演变的既定工具。MRI已被纳入临床孤立综合征患者的诊断检查中，提示MS，并提出了特设标准，并定期更新。在明确的MS患者中，常规MRI技术解释患者临床状态和残疾进展的能力仍不理想。几种先进的基于MRI的技术已被应用于估计疾病不同阶段的总体MS负担。它们的使用允许在体内对局灶性病变、外观正常的白色物质和灰质中MS病理学的异质性进行分级。最近，MS病理学的其他特征，包括巨噬细胞浸润和异常铁沉积，已变得可量化。所有这些，结合功能成像技术，正在提高我们对MS演变相关机制的理解。在不久的将来，超高场系统的使用可能会为疾病病理生理学提供更多的见解。然而，先进的MRI技术在临床试验监测和评估个体患者对治疗的反应方面的效用仍需评估。
Due to its sensitivity to the different multiple sclerosis (MS)-related abnormalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an established tool to diagnose MS and to monitor its evolution. MRI has been included in the diagnostic workup of patients with clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of MS, and ad hoc criteria have been proposed and are regularly updated. In patients with definite MS, the ability of conventional MRI techniques to explain patients' clinical status and progression of disability is still suboptimal. Several advanced MRI-based technologies have been applied to estimate overall MS burden in the different phases of the disease. Their use has allowed the heterogeneity of MS pathology in focal lesions, normal-appearing white matter and gray matter to be graded in vivo. Recently, additional features of MS pathology, including macrophage infiltration and abnormal iron deposition, have become quantifiable. All of this, combined with functional imaging techniques, is improving our understanding of the mechanisms associated with MS evolution. In the near future, the use of ultrahigh-field systems is likely to provide additional insight into disease pathophysiology. However, the utility of advanced MRI techniques in clinical trial monitoring and in assessing individual patients' response to treatment still needs to be assessed.