Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Older Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease A Review
Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Older Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease A Review
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DOI：
10.1097/wad.0000000000000178
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Lipton, Richard B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zammit, Andrea R.;Katz, Mindy J.;Lipton, Richard B.
慢性肾病（CKD）患者，尤其是老年人，出现认知障碍的风险更大，可能导致轻度认知障碍和/或痴呆。研究报告了CKD和认知障碍之间的关联;尽管尚不清楚，但CKD阶段和受影响的认知领域之间似乎存在分级关联，执行功能在此过程中比情景记忆和整体能力更早受到影响。在CKD中，执行障碍、轻度认知障碍和血管性痴呆也比其他亚型更突出。解释是针对传统和非传统的血管因素，这也可能解释或介导CKD和认知障碍类型之间的关联。未来的研究重点是认知功能的特定领域之间的纵向关联，包括执行功能和记忆和CKD;开发适合老年人每个CKD阶段的筛查工具，最后，使用成像方法，可能有助于澄清连接肾脏和大脑的潜在机制。
Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially older adults, are at more risk of experiencing cognitive impairment, possibly leading to mild cognitive impairment and/or dementia. Studies report associations between CKD and cognitive impairment; although unclear, there seems to be a graded association between stage of CKD and affected cognitive domains, with executive function being affected earlier in the process than episodic memory and global ability. In CKD, dysexecutive mild cognitive impairment and vascular dementia are also more prominent than other subtypes. Explanations are directed toward traditional and nontraditional vascular factors, which may also explain or mediate the association between CKD and type of cognitive impairment. Future research is urged to focus on the longitudinal association between specific domains of cognitive function, including executive function and memory and CKD; to develop screening tools fit for every CKD stage in elderly individuals, and lastly, to use imaging methods that may help clarify the underlying mechanisms connecting the kidney and the brain.