Sounding-Based Thermodynamic Budgets for DYNAMO
Sounding-Based Thermodynamic Budgets for DYNAMO
复制标题
DYNAMO 基于探测的热力学预算
DOI：
10.1175/jas-d-14-0202.1
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Masaki Katsumata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Richard H. Johnson;P. Ciesielski;J. Ruppert;Jr;Masaki Katsumata
2011年10月至2012年3月在印度洋进行的马登-朱利安振荡（MJO）现场活动的动力学，旨在研究马登-朱利安振荡（MJO）的启动。在10月和11月的特殊观测期间，实验区发生了两次显著的MJO。来自北方和南方的探空阵列（NSA和SSA，分别）的数据已被用来调查的表观热源和汇（Q1和Q2）和辐射加热率QR在整个生命周期的两个MJO事件。MJO信号在NSA比SSA强得多。时间序列的Q1，Q2，和垂直涡动通量的湿静能揭示了云系统的演变与以前的研究相一致的MJO：浅，非降水积云在抑制阶段，其次是积云congestus，然后在活动阶段的深对流，最后层状降水。然而，11月的MJO的这些阶段的持续时间短于10月的活动。两个阵列的Q1和Q2的配置文件表明，一个更大的层状雨的NSA比SSA的TRMM测量结果支持的发现部分。地面降雨率和净对流层QR确定为残差的预算显示出良好的协议与卫星为基础的估计。云辐射强迫约为柱积分对流加热的20%，与归一化总湿稳定度的幅度相同，这使得两个MJO存在辐射对流不稳定的可能性。
The Dynamics of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) field campaign, conducted over the Indian Ocean from October 2011 to March 2012, was designed to study the initiation of the Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO). Two prominent MJOs occurred in the experimental domain during the special observing period in October and November. Data from a northern and a southern sounding array (NSA and SSA, respectively) have been used to investigate the apparent heat sources and sinks (Q1 and Q2) and radiative heating rates QR throughout the life cycles of the two MJO events. The MJO signal was far stronger in the NSA than the SSA. Time series of Q1, Q2, and the vertical eddy flux of moist static energy reveal an evolution of cloud systems for both MJOs consistent with prior studies: shallow, nonprecipitating cumulus during the suppressed phase, followed by cumulus congestus, then deep convection during the active phase, and finally stratiform precipitation. However, the duration of these phases was shorter for the November MJO than for the October event. The profiles of Q1 and Q2 for the two arrays indicate a greater stratiform rain fraction for the NSA than the SSA—a finding supported by TRMM measurements. Surface rainfall rates and net tropospheric QR determined as residuals from the budgets show good agreement with satellite-based estimates. The cloud radiative forcing was approximately 20% of the column-integrated convective heating and of the same amplitude as the normalized gross moist stability, leaving open the possibility of radiative‐ convective instability for the two MJOs.