Nature's Swiss Army Knife: The Diverse Protective Roles of Anthocyanins in Leaves.
Nature's Swiss Army Knife: The Diverse Protective Roles of Anthocyanins in Leaves.
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DOI：
10.1155/s1110724304406147
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gould KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gould KS
花青素是落叶树叶中朱红壮观显示的色素，长期以来一直被认为是对植物资源的奢侈浪费。相比之下，当代的研究已经开始表明，这种色素可以显著影响树叶对环境压力的反应方式。花青素与耐受干旱、UV-B和重金属等各种逆境因素，以及对食草动物和病原体的抗性有关。通过吸收高能量子，花青素细胞液泡既保护叶绿体免受强光的光抑制和光氧化作用，又防止不耐光的防御化合物的分解代谢。花青素还通过有效地清除自由基和活性氧物种来减轻叶片的光氧化伤害。这些红色色素远不是类黄酮途径的无用副产品，在某些情况下可能对植物的生存至关重要。
Anthocyanins, the pigments responsible for spectacular displays of vermilion in the leaves of deciduous trees, have long been considered an extravagant waste of a plant's resources. Contemporary research, in contrast, has begun to show that the pigments can significantly influence the way a leaf responds to environmental stress. Anthocyanins have been implicated in tolerance to stressors as diverse as drought, UV-B, and heavy metals, as well as resistance to herbivores and pathogens. By absorbing high-energy quanta, anthocyanic cell vacuoles both protect chloroplasts from the photoinhibitory and photooxidative effects of strong light, and prevent the catabolism of photolabile defence compounds. Anthocyanins also mitigate photooxidative injury in leaves by efficiently scavenging free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Far from being a useless by-product of the flavonoid pathway, these red pigments may in some instances be critical for plant survival.