Exploring the feasibility of lossy compression for PDE simulations
Exploring the feasibility of lossy compression for PDE simulations
复制标题
探索有损压缩用于 PDE 模拟的可行性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Gropp
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jon C. Calhoun;F. Cappello;Luke N. Olson;M. Snir;W. Gropp
检查点重启在高性能计算（HPC）应用中起着重要的作用，允许仿真运行时间扩展到单个作业分配之外，并促进从硬件故障中恢复。然而，随着机器规模和复杂性的增长，检查点重启的传统方法变得令人望而却步。当前的方法存储应用程序状态的子集，并利用机器中的内存层次结构。然而，随着数据移动的能量成本继续占主导地位，需要进一步减少检查点大小。有损压缩可以显著地减小检查点的大小，提供了降低检查点重启中的计算成本的潜力。本文探讨了使用数值特性的偏微分方程（PDE）模拟，如截断误差的界限，使用有损压缩检查点PDE模拟的可行性进行评估。在两个时间相关的HPC应用程序代码中，从具有有损压缩的检查点重新启动被认为是失败-停止错误：PlasComCM和Nek 5000。结果表明，应用程序变量中的错误，由于从有损压缩的检查点重新启动可以被掩盖的离散化中的数值误差，从而提高效率，在不影响整体精度的情况下，在模拟检查点重新启动。
Checkpoint restart plays an important role in high-performance computing (HPC) applications, allowing simulation runtime to extend beyond a single job allocation and facilitating recovery from hardware failure. Yet, as machines grow in size and in complexity, traditional approaches to checkpoint restart are becoming prohibitive. Current methods store a subset of the application’s state and exploit the memory hierarchy in the machine. However, as the energy cost of data movement continues to dominate, further reductions in checkpoint size are needed. Lossy compression, which can significantly reduce checkpoint sizes, offers a potential to reduce computational cost in checkpoint restart. This article investigates the use of numerical properties of partial differential equation (PDE) simulations, such as bounds on the truncation error, to evaluate the feasibility of using lossy compression in checkpointing PDE simulations. Restart from a checkpoint with lossy compression is considered for a fail-stop error in two time-dependent HPC application codes: PlasComCM and Nek5000. Results show that error in application variables due to a restart from a lossy compressed checkpoint can be masked by the numerical error in the discretization, leading to increased efficiency in checkpoint restart without influencing overall accuracy in the simulation.
影响因子：
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作者：
L. Fischer;Sebastian Götschel;M. Weiser
通讯作者：
L. Fischer;Sebastian Götschel;M. Weiser