Conservation gaps for Neotropical vipers: Mismatches between protected areas, species richness and evolutionary distinctiveness
Conservation gaps for Neotropical vipers: Mismatches between protected areas, species richness and evolutionary distinctiveness
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109750
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发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Luis G. Oliveira-Dalland;Laura R. V. Alencar;L. Tambosi;Paola A. Carrasco;Rhett M. Rautsaw;J. Sigala-Rodríguez;G. Scrocchi;M. Martins
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文献类型：
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作者：
Luis G. Oliveira-Dalland;Laura R. V. Alencar;L. Tambosi;Paola A. Carrasco;Rhett M. Rautsaw;J. Sigala-Rodríguez;G. Scrocchi;M. Martins
尽管全球努力建立新的保护区，但生物多样性继续下降，这使人们对这些保护区在保护生物多样性方面的有效性产生怀疑。全球保护区网络中没有许多生境，某些分类群体没有被列入保护规划。在这里，我们分析了保护水平，目前的保护区系统提供的蝰蛇物种在新热带区通过保护差距分析。我们使用分布大小和威胁程度，以保护区应覆盖的分布的最低百分比的形式为123种毒蛇设定物种特定的保护目标，并通过将其分布与严格保护的保护区重叠来评估为每个物种提供的保护水平。此外，使用物种丰富度和进化的独特性作为优先指标，我们进行了空间关联分析，以检测特别关注的领域。我们发现，大多数蝰蛇物种的分布范围不到1/4，包括22种受威胁的物种。此外，大多数细胞含有高水平的物种丰富度显着缺乏保护区，而进化的独特性是特别不受保护的地区，相对较低的物种丰富度，如北方墨西哥和阿根廷干查科。我们的研究结果提供了进一步的证据，表明毒蛇在很大程度上被排除在保护规划之外，使它们面临严重的威胁，可能导致种群下降并最终灭绝。
The continuous decline in biodiversity despite global efforts to create new protected areas calls into question the effectiveness of these areas in conserving biodiversity. Numerous habitats are absent from the global protected area network, and certain taxonomic groups are not being included in conservation planning. Here, we analyzed the level of protection that the current protected area system provides to viper species in the Neotropical region through a conservation gap analysis. We used distribution size and degree of threat to set species-specific conservation goals for 123 viper species in the form of minimum percentage of their distribution that should be covered by protected areas, and assessed the level of protection provided for each species by overlapping their distribution with protected areas of strict protection. Furthermore, using species richness and evolutionary distinctiveness as priority indicators, we conducted a spatial association analysis to detect areas of special concern. We found that most viper species have <1/4 of their distribution covered by protected areas, including 22 threatened species. Also, the large majority of cells containing high levels of species richness were significantly absent from protected areas, while evolutionary distinctiveness was particularly unprotected in regions with relatively low species richness, like northern Mexico and the Argentinian dry Chaco. Our results provide further evidence that vipers are largely being excluded from conservation planning, leaving them exposed to serious threats that can lead to population decline and ultimately extinction.