EMOTION AND PSYCHOPATHY - STARTLING NEW INSIGHTS
EMOTION AND PSYCHOPATHY - STARTLING NEW INSIGHTS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8986.1994.tb02440.x
复制
发表时间：
1994-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
PATRICK, CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PATRICK, CJ
精神病患者的异常情感反应是在一个广泛的情感理论中概念化的，该理论强调互惠的食欲和防御性的动机系统。惊吓反应被认为是情绪激活的方向性成分的一种具体测量方法。我回顾的文献表明，犯罪精神病患者不显示预期的增强的惊吓反射，通常发生在处理过程中的厌恶刺激，如不愉快的照片或惩罚线索。证据表明，这种偏差的反应模式是特定的个人显示的经典情感症状的精神病。心理变态者的核心情绪偏差可能是恐惧反应的缺陷，这被定义为厌恶性线索无法启动正常的防御行动。这种情感缺陷可能代表了正常气质的极端变异。
Abnormal affective response in psychopaths is conceptualized within a broad theory of emotion that emphasizes reciprocal appetitive and defensive motivational systems. The startle response is proposed as a specific measure of the directional component of emotional activation. I review the literature that indicates that criminal psychopaths do not show the expected potentiation of the startle reflex that normally occurs during processing of aversive stimuli such as unpleasant photographs or punishment cues. Evidence is presented to demonstrate that this deviant response pattern is specific to individuals who display the classic affective symptoms of psychopathy. The core emotional deviation in psychopathy could be a deficit in fear response, which is defined as a failure of aversive cues to prime normal defensive actions. This emotional deficit may represent an extreme variant of normal temperament.