Observations of schooling behaviour in the oval squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana in costal waters of Okinawa Island
Observations of schooling behaviour in the oval squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana in costal waters of Okinawa Island
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冲绳岛近海椭圆乌贼 Sepioteuthis Lessoniana 成群行为的观察
DOI：
10.1017/s1755267213000067
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ryoko Yanagisawa,Ryuta Nkajima and Yuzuru Ikeda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chikatoshi Sugimoto;Ryoko Yanagisawa,Ryuta Nkajima and Yuzuru Ikeda
在日本琉球群岛冲绳沿岸沃茨的3个观测点，连续4个夏季观测了莱氏乌贼（Sepioteuthis lessoniana）的集群行为。在该野外研究中，观察、记录并描述了3种静态外观（带状、球状和片状）和2种过渡外观（高密度和低密度）。除了编队外，S. lessoniana学校也表现出特定的和重复的行为模式，如先锋和恐吓的表现。3个观测点均为靠近海岸线的热带珊瑚礁，平均深度为1 ~ 15 m。所有参与观察员都潜水，并配备了各种水下数码摄像机和照相机。观察到的学校由8到100多名成员组成，他们的体型各不相同。尽管这些生物和位置的差异，静态和过渡的外观一致观察到同样一致的个人行为模式。在巴拿马东部加勒比海沿岸沿着的圣布拉斯群岛上，曾有人对近缘种Sepioteuthis sepioidea进行过研究，而同一种Sepioteuthis sepioidea，S. lessoniana，在不同的地理位置，木麻黄海滩在吕宋岛，澳大利亚。这项研究的结果与以前报道的结果一致，但有一些显著的差异。
The schooling behaviour of the oval squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana was observed over 4 summers at 3 observation sites in the coastal waters of Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. During this field study, 3 static appearances (belt, ball and sheet shape) and 2 transitional appearances (high and low density) were noted, recorded and described. In addition to formations, a member of S. lessoniana schools also displayed particular and repeated behavioural patterns such as vanguard and intimidating display. The 3 observation sites were tropical coral reefs near the coastline at a depth of 1 to 15 m on an average. All participating observers snorkelled and were equipped with various underwater digital video and photographic cameras. The schools observed consisted of 8 to over 100 members with a wide range of body sizes. Despite these biological and locational differences, both static and transitional appearances were consistently observed with equally consistent individual behavioural patterns. There have been studies on related species, Sepioteuthis sepioidea, at the San Blas Islands along the Caribbean coast of eastern Panama, and the same species, S. lessoniana, at a different geographical location, Casuarina Beach on Lizard Island, Australia. The findings of this study are consistent with those reported previously, with some notable differences.