Adaptive Gaze Control in Natural Environments
Adaptive Gaze Control in Natural Environments
复制标题
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.5570-08.2009
复制
发表时间：
2009-05-13
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Hayhoe, Mary
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jovancevic-Misic, Jelena;Hayhoe, Mary
从场景中连续获取视觉信息是自然视觉引导行为的基本组成部分。然而，对于在这种行为中执行的眼动序列的控制机制知之甚少。解释凝视模式的理论尝试几乎完全与二维显示有关，这些显示不能准确反映动态环境中自然行为的要求或观察者行为目标的重要性。对于所有凝视控制模型来说，一个难题是如何在不消耗过多计算资源的情况下检测重要但意外的刺激，这是选择性感知系统固有的。我们发现，在真实的步行环境中，人类的凝视模式对环境的概率结构非常敏感，这表明观察者通过在学习的统计结构的基础上主动分配凝视来处理自然世界的不确定性。这与奖赏在动眼神经回路中的作用是一致的，并支持强化学习方法来理解自然环境下的凝视控制。
The sequential acquisition of visual information from scenes is a fundamental component of natural visually guided behavior. However, little is known about the control mechanisms responsible for the eye movement sequences that are executed in the service of such behavior. Theoretical attempts to explain gaze patterns have almost exclusively concerned two-dimensional displays that do not accurately reflect the demands of natural behavior in dynamic environments or the importance of the observer's behavioral goals. A difficult problem for all models of gaze control, intrinsic to selective perceptual systems, is how to detect important but unexpected stimuli without consuming excessive computational resources. We show, in a real walking environment, that human gaze patterns are remarkably sensitive to the probabilistic structure of the environment, suggesting that observers handle the uncertainty of the natural world by proactively allocating gaze on the basis of learned statistical structure. This is consistent with the role of reward in the oculomotor neural circuitry and supports a reinforcement learning approach to understanding gaze control in natural environments.