Differences in feeding behavior and intestinal microbiota may relate to different growth rates of sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus)
Differences in feeding behavior and intestinal microbiota may relate to different growth rates of sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus)
复制标题
摄食行为和肠道微生物群的差异可能与海参（Apostichopus japonicus）的不同生长速度有关
DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738368
复制
发表时间：
2022-06-09
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Yang, Hong-Sheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feng, Qi-Ming;Ru, Xiao-Shang;Yang, Hong-Sheng
刺参是亚洲重要的经济物种。在实地调查和养殖实践中，日本对虾的生长差异很大。这些生长差异会严重影响野生种群的恢复和水产养殖系统的养殖效率。本研究探讨了在相同的养殖条件下，生长表现出明显差异的日本对虾在运动行为、摄食行为、消化能力和肠道微生物等方面的差异。结果表明，不同生长速度的日本对虾的运动行为没有显著差异，但生长缓慢的日本对虾的摄食行为明显减少。在生长缓慢的个体中，日本对虾的主要消化酶--胰蛋白酶的活性显著降低。不同生长速率的海参肠道微生物区系组成存在明显差异。与慢生沙棘相比，速生沙棘的α多样性更高，红杆菌科、Rubritaleaceae和Pirellulaceae的丰度也更高。这些细菌中有许多与藻类多糖的降解有关。而慢生型日本对虾中弧菌科和伯克霍尔德雷亚科细菌丰度较高，含有潜在致病菌。这表明日本对虾的摄食行为、消化能力和肠道微生物区系的差异与其生长速度的不同有关。随着时间的推移，这些差异将继续推动增长差异。这项研究为理解日本对虾生长差异较大提供了新的见解。
The sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus is an economically important species in Asia. Large growth differences have been recorded for A. japonicus during field surveys and culture practices. These growth differences can seriously impact the recovery of wild populations and breeding efficiencies in aquaculture systems. This study explored differences in movement behavior, feeding behavior, digestive ability and intestinal microbes of A. japonicus that displayed obvious differences in growth under the same culture conditions. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the movement behavior of A. japonicus with different growth rates, but the feeding behavior of slow-growing A. japonicus was significantly reduced. The activity of trypsin, the main digestive enzyme in A. japonicus, was significantly decreased in slow-growing individuals. There was a marked variation in the gut microbiota composition of sea cucumbers with different growth rates. Compared with slowgrowing A. japonicus, fast-growing A. japonicus had a higher alpha diversity, and abundance of Rhodobacteraceae, Rubritaleaceae, and Pirellulaceae. Many of these bacteria were related to the algal polysaccharide degradation. However, the abundance of Vibrionaceae and Burkholderiaceae was higher in slow-growing A. japonicus, which contained potential pathogenic bacteria. This indicated the differences in feeding behavior, digestive ability and intestinal microbiota was related to different growth rates of A. japonicus. These differences will continue to promote growth differences over time. This research provided new insights for understanding the large growth differences in A. japonicus.