Depression in the United States and Japan: Gender, marital status, and SES patterns
Depression in the United States and Japan: Gender, marital status, and SES patterns
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.07.014
复制
发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Sloan, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inaba, A;Thoits, PA;Sloan, M
许多研究人员声称，在全球范围内，女性、未婚人士和社会经济地位较低的人都有更高的抑郁得分和抑郁障碍发生率。然而，仔细观察就会发现，亚洲国家的模式并不像声称的那样一致。作为一个恰当的例子，我们使用了98年日本国家家庭研究调查(N=6985)和美国全国家庭和家庭调查(N=8111)的可比数据，用CES-D量表的简短形式检验了抑郁症状按性别、婚姻状况和社会经济地位的分布。双变量和多变量分析显示，在两国，女性、未婚者和家庭收入较低的人抑郁症状更高，但在日本，教育与抑郁之间没有关联，而在美国，症状与教育呈负相关。我们认为，在日本，教育与抑郁症之间缺乏联系不是衡量标准，而是日本与职业相关的独特分层过程的产物。围绕“一般”模式的跨国差异是重要的，因为它们提供了更具体的文化和结构因素的线索，这些因素涉及精神障碍的社会病因。(C)2005爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
A number of investigators have claimed that higher depression scores and higher rates of depressive disorder are found worldwide in women, unmarried persons, and people of low socioeconomic status (SES). A closer look, however, indicates that patterns for Asian countries are less consistent than claimed. As a case in point, using comparable data from the National Family Research of Japan '98 survey (N = 6985) and the National Survey of Families and Households in the US (N = 8111), we examine the distributions of depressive symptoms by gender, marital status, and SES, with a short form of the CES-D Scale. Bivariate and multivariate analyses show that depressive symptoms are higher in women, unmarried persons, and those with lower family incomes in both countries, but there is no association between education and depression in Japan while symptoms are inversely related to education in the US. We argue that the lack of relationship between education and depression in Japan is not an artifact of measurement but a product of Japan's distinctive stratification processes relating to occupation. Cross-national variations around "general" patterns are important because they offer clues to more specific cultural and structural factors involved in the social etiology of mental disorder. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.