Assessment and monitoring of long-term forest cover changes in Odisha, India using remote sensing and GIS
Assessment and monitoring of long-term forest cover changes in Odisha, India using remote sensing and GIS
复制标题
利用遥感和地理信息系统评估和监测印度奥里萨邦的长期森林覆盖变化
DOI：
10.1007/s10661-012-2877-5
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
V. Dadhwal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Reddy;C. Jha;V. Dadhwal
森林砍伐和碎片化是管理和养护热带森林的重要问题，具有全球意义。在印度的背景下，在过去的一个世纪里，由于政府采取的几项政策以及不断增加的人口压力，森林发生了重大变化。本研究揭示了印度奥里萨邦(Orissa)过去75年间森林覆盖率的时空变化和森林类型的变化。1924-1935年、1975、1985、1995和2010年的测绘表明，森林覆盖面积分别为81,785.6平方公里(52.5%)、56,661.1平方公里(36.4%)、51,642.3平方公里(33.2%)、49,773平方公里(32%)和48,669.4平方公里(31.3%)。研究发现，1935年至2010年期间，森林净覆盖率下降了40.5%，年平均森林砍伐率为0.69% Year−1。1995年至2010年期间，森林砍伐年率有所下降，估计为0.15%。森林复盖率的森林类型定量损失揭示了干旱落叶林的大规模砍伐。景观分析表明，1935年、1975年、1985年、1995年和2010年的森林斑块数量分别为2.463块、10.390块、11.899块、12.193块和15.102块，显示出较大的人为压力。森林平均斑块面积从1935年的33.2平方公里下降到1975年的5.5平方公里，到2010年达到3.2平方公里。这项研究表明，监测森林的长期变化、森林类型的数量损失和景观指标为森林资源的管理提供了重要的投入。
Deforestation and fragmentation are important concerns in managing and conserving tropical forests and have global significance. In the Indian context, in the last one century, the forests have undergone significant changes due to several policies undertaken by government as well as increased population pressure. The present study has brought out spatiotemporal changes in forest cover and variation in forest type in the state of Odisha (Orissa), India, during the last 75 years period. The mapping for the period of 1924–1935, 1975, 1985, 1995 and 2010 indicates that the forest cover accounts for 81,785.6 km2(52.5 %), 56,661.1 km2(36.4 %), 51,642.3 km2(33.2 %), 49,773 km2(32 %) and 48,669.4 km2(31.3 %) of the study area, respectively. The study found the net forest cover decline as 40.5 % of the total forest and mean annual rate of deforestation as 0.69 % year−1during 1935 to 2010. There is a decline in annual rate of deforestation during 1995 to 2010 which was estimated as 0.15 %. Forest type-wise quantitative loss of forest cover reveals large scale deforestation of dry deciduous forests. The landscape analysis shows that the number of forest patches (per 1,000) are 2.463 in 1935, 10.390 in 1975, 11.899 in 1985, 12.193 in 1995 and 15.102 in 2010, which indicates high anthropogenic pressure on the forests. The mean patch size (km2) of forest decreased from 33.2 in 1935 to 5.5 in 1975 and reached to 3.2 by 2010. The study demonstrated that monitoring of long term forest changes, quantitative loss of forest types and landscape metrics provides critical inputs for management of forest resources.