Salt karst and tectonics: sinkholes development along tension cracks between parallel strike-slip faults, Dead Sea, Jordan
Salt karst and tectonics: sinkholes development along tension cracks between parallel strike-slip faults, Dead Sea, Jordan
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DOI：
10.1002/esp.1829
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Karaki, Najib Abou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Closson, Damien;Karaki, Najib Abou
这项工作涉及对沿着死海约旦海岸 Ghor Al Haditha 地区延伸的 300 多个天坑排列的构造解释。其尺寸长6公里，宽600米。在过去的几十年里，由于湖水位迅速下降，出现了天坑。线性形状是根据 1991 年至 2008 年期间进行的地面塌陷清单推断出来的。线条在区域和局部尺度的结构设置中被替换和分析。其方向（北纬 24 度东经）与许多震源机制所显示的方向大致平行，特别是与 1979 年 4 月 23 日地震相关的方向（mb = 5.1；北纬 20 度东经 +/- 5 度），它代表了在与死海地区东海岸约旦-死海转换断层系统的总体方向相一致的断层面上计算的所有震源机制。天坑的排列由 13 个小坑组成。由尽可能多的空白空间分隔的线性段。四个较小的线性单元呈阶梯状排列，从中可以推断出局部拉伸应力场的存在。在这种情况下，天坑位置提供了被解释为隐藏裂缝的地下不连续性的信息。在不久的将来，这些结果可以支持决策者和工程师在该地区的预计发展中的工作。版权所有 (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
This work deals with the tectonic interpretation of an alignment of more than 300 sinkholes stretching along the Jordanian coast of the Dead Sea, Ghor Al Haditha area. Its dimensions are 6 km long with a width of 600 m. Sinkholes appeared during the last decades as a consequence of the very rapid lowering of the lake level. The linear shape was inferred from ground collapse inventories carried out between 1991 and 2008. The lineament is replaced and analyzed in its structural setting at regional and local scales. Its direction (N 24 degrees E) is sub-parallel to the ones displayed by many focal mechanisms, especially the one associated with the earthquake of the 23 April, 1979 (mb = 5.1; N 20 degrees E +/- 5 degrees), which is representative of all focal mechanisms calculated on a fault plane compatible with the general direction of the Jordan-Dead Sea Transform fault system for the east coast of the Dead Sea area.The alignment of sinkholes is constituted by 13 minor linear segments separated by as many empty spaces. Four minor linear units present an en-echelon arrangement from which one can deduce the presence of a local extensional stress field. In this context, the sinkhole locations provide information of subsurface discontinuities interpreted as hidden fractures. In a close future, such results could support the work of decision-makers and engineers in the projected development of the area. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.