Landscape complexity and farmland biodiversity: Evaluating the CAP target on natural elements
Landscape complexity and farmland biodiversity: Evaluating the CAP target on natural elements
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jnc.2015.12.006
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
de Snoo, G. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cormont, A.;Siepel, H.;de Snoo, G. R.
对自然区域的压力越来越大，保护预算有限，特别是在西方世界的农村景观中，需要立即回答这样一个问题：需要多少自然区域才能为农田上的野生动植物物种提供可持续的未来。欧盟在其共同农业政策中提出，欧盟3%-7%的农田应作为生态重点区域（EFA）进行管理，以阻止生物多样性的丧失。第一次，我们实证评估了这一政策的影响，通过评估农业景观中的自然元素的密度对多类群物种丰富度的影响，包括维管植物，繁殖鸟类，蝴蝶，食蚜蝇，蜻蜓，蚱蜢为整个欧洲国家。我们发现，物种丰富度随着景观中自然要素比例的线性或对数函数而增加，但不像“中等景观复杂性”假设所预测的那样呈S形函数。即使是3-7%的自然要素的景观通常也有3- 7 -75%的最大物种丰富度，这表明实施CAP目标以保护农田生物多样性的潜力很大。然而，对于蝴蝶、鸟类和食蚜蝇而言，3%和7%限值之间的差异相当大。此外，形状的物种丰富度的反应被证明是不同的景观类型的蝴蝶。因此，可能有必要在区域一级制定量身定制的准则。(C)2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
Increasing pressures on natural areas and limited conservation budgets require, particularly in rural landscapes in the Western world, an immediate answer to the question how much natural area is required to provide a sustainable future for wild plant and animal species on farmland. The European Union proposed in its Common Agricultural Policy that 3-7% of EU farmland should be managed as ecological focus area (EFA) in order to halt biodiversity loss. For the first time, we empirically assessed the implications of this policy by evaluating the effects of the density of natural elements in agricultural landscapes on multi-taxon species richness, including vascular plants, breeding birds, butterflies, hoverflies, dragonflies, and grasshoppers for an entire European country. We found that species richness increased either as linear or as a logarithmic function of the proportion of natural elements in the landscape, but not with a sigmoid function as predicted by the 'intermediate landscape complexity' hypothesis. Even landscapes with 3-7% of natural elements harboured generally 37-75% of maximum species richness, indicating good potential of implementing the CAP target to preserve farmland biodiversity. However, differences between the 3 and 7% limits were considerable for butterflies, birds, and hoverflies. Also, the shape of the species richness response was shown to differ between landscape types for butterflies. Thus, it may be necessary to develop tailor-made guidelines at regional levels. (C) 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.