Rational processing or rationalization? The effect of disconfirming information on a stated religious belief.
Rational processing or rationalization? The effect of disconfirming information on a stated religious belief.
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合理化处理还是合理化？
DOI：
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发表时间：
1975
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Batson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Batson
认知失调理论假设人是一种理性化的动物，通过扭曲和否认与根深蒂固的信念相矛盾的信息来积极保护自己。相比之下，最近伯尔尼和其他人对失调理论的批评将人描绘成一个理性的信息处理器，如果可能出错的话。据报道，在一项研究中，青少年女性有机会公开承诺自己的宗教信仰，然后面对似乎不证实这种信仰的信息。与早期实地研究的不和谐解释一致，受试者既表达了信仰，又接受了不确认信息的真实性，随后表达了信仰强度的显着增加。这种反应在那些没有表达最初的信念或没有接受不证实信息的真实性的受试者中没有发现。这些结果的一般性可能的限制进行了强调。
Cognitive dissonance theory assumes that man is a rationalizing animal, actively defending himself by means of distortion and denial against information which contradicts deeply held beliefs. In contrast, recent critiques of dissonance theory by Bern and others picture man as a rational, if fallible, information processor. A study is reported in which adolescent females were given a chance to commit themselves publicly to a religious belief and were then faced with information which seemed to disconfirm that belief. Consistent with dissonance interpretations of earlier field studies, subjects who both expressed belief and accepted the veracity of the disconfirming information subsequently expressed a significant increase in intensity of belief. This reaction was not found among subjects who either had not expressed initial belief or had not accepted the veracity of the disconfirming information. Possible limitations on the generality of these results are emphasized.