Influence of human activities on the distributions and activity patterns of Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) in central Japan
Influence of human activities on the distributions and activity patterns of Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) in central Japan
复制标题
人类活动对日本中部梅花鹿（Cervus nippon）和野猪（Sus scrofa）分布和活动模式的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s10344-015-0922-8
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
von Doormaal,N.D.;Ohashi,H.;Koike;S. and Kaji;K
日本的人口老龄化和人口减少正在导致农田被遗弃，并为日本梅花鹿和野猪提供了新的栖息地。这些物种在日本各地的分布范围扩大，数量增加，并正在造成日益严重的农业损害。有效的对策必须考虑到梅花鹿和野猪的行为灵活性。这项研究的目的是研究狩猎和间接人类活动对日本中部梅花鹿活动模式的影响，并将这些结果与以前对野猪的发现进行比较。相机陷阱被用来观察物种和人类的活动模式。在非狩猎季节，梅花鹿和野猪在夜间最活跃。狩猎活动显著减少了梅花鹿和野猪的活动模式。在非狩猎季节，梅花鹿的夜间活动随着距离聚居地的减少而增加。野猪也观察到了类似但微弱的反应。这项研究表明，梅花鹿和野猪通过夜间活动来避开人类和人类占主导地位的地区。最近引入的夜间狩猎可能有助于控制野生动物数量，但有必要进行监测以证实这一期望。
Human ageing and population decline in Japan are causing agricultural field abandonment and providing new habitats for Japanese sika deer and wild boar. These species have expanded their distribution and increased in abundance across Japan and are causing increased agricultural damage. Effective countermeasures must factor in the behavioural flexibility of sika deer and wild boar. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of hunting and indirect human activities on the activity patterns of sika deer in central Japan and compare these with previous findings on wild boar. Camera traps were used to observe activity patterns of both species and that of humans. Sika deer and wild boar were most active at night during the non-hunting season. Hunting activities significantly reduced sika deer and wild boar activity patterns. In the non-hunting season, nocturnal activity of sika deer increased with decreasing distance to settlement. A similar, but weak response was also observed for wild boar. This study suggests that sika deer and wild boar avoid humans and human-dominated areas by being nocturnal. The recent introduction of night hunting might help to control wildlife populations, but monitoring will be necessary to confirm this expectation.