Race identification of sunflower rust and the reaction of host genotypes to the disease in China
Race identification of sunflower rust and the reaction of host genotypes to the disease in China
复制标题
我国向日葵锈病小种鉴定及寄主基因型对该病的反应
DOI：
10.1007/s10658-015-0778-5
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Navi, Shrishail S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo, Dandan;Jing, Lan;Navi, Shrishail S.
向日葵柄锈菌向日葵（Helianthus annuusL.）锈病在我国许多向日葵产区都有发生。目的研究P. 2013-2014年，在我国向日葵主产区的33个县开展了向日葵病原菌生理小种的田间调查，并对主要向日葵杂交种和品种的抗性进行了评价。从80个不同的地理位置获得了80个锈菌单脓疱分离物。使用一组9个国际采用的差异，15个种族中确定这些菌株。其中304号小种最多，占28%; 300号和310号小种次之，各占18%; 314号、324号、330号、332号、334号、350号、354号、374号、500号、526号、736号和737号小种占1%~ 6%。毒性较小的小种群300占所收集分离物的最大比例（87%），而毒性最强的小种群700仅占4%。小种304和737的孢子用于测试从育种计划和当地市场收集的向日葵植物的69个杂交种和5个自由授粉品种。在31个抗304小种杂交种中，6个免疫，2个高抗，11个抗病。在38个杂交种中，有8个表现出免疫反应，3个高抗，17个抗304小种。所有5个自由授粉品种都对304号小种敏感。对于737号小种，只有4个品种表现出抗性反应，没有一个品种是抗病向日葵。
Puccinia helianthiSchw. causes sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) rust in many sunflower production regions in China. To study the virulence pattern ofP. helianthiphysiological races and evaluate the resistance of major sunflower hybrids and varieties to this pathogen, field surveys were undertaken in 33 counties across major sunflower production regions in China in 2013–2014. Eighty rust single-pustule isolates were obtained from 80 geographically different locations. Using a set of nine internationally adopted differentials, 15 races were identified among these isolates. Race 304 was the most prevalent one with a 28 % frequency, followed by races 300 and 310 each with a frequency of 18 %, and the other 12 races (314, 324, 330, 332, 334, 350, 354, 374, 500, 526, 736 and 737) with a frequency varying from 1 to 6 %. The less virulent race group 300 accounted for the largest proportion (87 %) of the collected isolates while the most virulent race group 700 accounted only 4 %. Spores of race 304 and 737 were used to test 69 hybrids and five open-pollinated varieties of sunflower plants collected from breeding programs and local markets. Among the 31 confectionary hybrids, six were immune, two were highly resistant, and 11 were resistant to race 304. Among the 38 oilseed hybrids, eight showed immune reactions, three were highly resistant, and 17 were resistant to race 304. All five open-pollinated varieties were susceptible to race 304. For race 737, only four of the entries showed resistant reactions, and none were confectionary sunflowers.