Social information-processing mechanisms in reactive and proactive aggression
Social information-processing mechanisms in reactive and proactive aggression
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DOI：
10.2307/1131875
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发表时间：
1996-06-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Dodge, KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crick, NR;Dodge, KA
动物和儿童的攻击性行为理论和行为学观察表明，存在不同形式的反应性(敌意)和主动性(工具性)攻击。为了验证这一区别，确定了反应性攻击性、主动性攻击性和非攻击性儿童组(n=624名9-12岁儿童)。通过向受试者呈现假想的小插曲来评估这些组中的社会信息处理模式。对3个假设进行了检验：(1)只有反应性攻击型儿童会在挑衅情境下对同伴意图的归因表现出敌意偏见(因为这种偏见被认为会导致反应性愤怒)；(2)只有主动性攻击型儿童会以相对积极的方式评估攻击性及其后果(因为主动性攻击性受到预期的外部结果的激励)；以及(3)与非攻击性儿童相比，主动性攻击性儿童会更多地选择工具性社会目标，而不是关系目标。所有3个假说至少部分得到了支持。
Theories of aggressive behavior and ethological observations in animals and children suggest the existence of distinct forms of reactive (hostile) and proactive (instrumental) aggression. Toward the validation of this distinction, groups of reactive aggressive, proactive aggressive, and nonaggressive children were identified (n = 624 9-12-year-olds). Social information-processing patterns were assessed in these groups by presenting hypothetical vignettes to subjects. 3 hypotheses were tested: (1) only the reactive-aggressive children would demonstrate hostile biases in their attributions of peers intentions in provocation situations (because such biases are known to lead to reactive anger); (2) only proactive-aggressive children would evaluate aggression and its consequences in relatively positive ways (because proactive aggression is motivated by its expected external outcomes); and (3) proactive-aggressive children would select instrumental social goals rather than relational goals more often than nonaggressive children. All 3 hypotheses were at least partially supported.