Birth season, photoperiod, and infancy refraction.
Birth season, photoperiod, and infancy refraction.
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季节，光周期和婴儿折射。
DOI：
10.1097/opx.0b013e31820b0517
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发表时间：
2011-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Gwiazda J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Deng L;Gwiazda J
目的：探讨出生月份/光周期与婴儿屈光的关系。722名1至3个月的屈光患儿被纳入本分析。非睫状体瘫痪近视网膜镜检查是由三名经验丰富的验光师在32年期间。光周期小时计算为每个婴儿出生后30天的平均日照时间，然后在9.12至15.25小时之间分为四分位数。出生季节分为两类：常规季节（春季：3 - 5月，夏季：6 - 8月，秋季：9 - 11月，冬季：12 - 2月）和交替季节（春季：2 - 4月，夏季：5 - 7月，秋季：8 - 10月，冬季：11 - 1月）。婴儿平均年龄为2.11±0.55个月。平均球面等效折射（SER）为0.61 +/ - 1.56D。日照时间最长的光周期组的儿童屈光度略低于最短的光周期组（0.43D±1.60D vs. 0.87D±1.43 3d, p<0.05）。最长光周期组SER<= - 0.25D的比例（51/179=28.49%）显著高于最短光周期组（31/177=17.51%）（p=0.02）。使用交替季节分类也观察到类似的模式，1)夏季出生的婴儿SER平均值低于冬季出生的婴儿，2)夏季出生的婴儿SER<= - 0.25D的百分比高于冬季出生的婴儿。然而，在常规季节，夏季和冬季的平均SERs相似。在出生后不久，在日照最多的婴儿和日照最少的婴儿中，发现了一个小的、统计上显著的低屈光，这表明光线可能在新生儿的屈光不正中起着很小的作用。
To investigate the association between birth month/photoperiod and refraction in infancy. 722 children with refractions measured between 1 and 3 months were included in this analysis. Non-cycloplegic near retinoscopy was performed by three experienced optometrists over a 32 year period. Photoperiod hours were calculated as the mean daylight hours 30 days after each infant's birth and then grouped into quartiles between 9.12 and 15.25 hrs. Two classifications for birth season were considered: regular season (Spring: March-May, Summer: June-August, Fall: September-November, and Winter: December-February) and alternate season (Spring: February-April, Summer: May-July, Fall: August-October, and Winter: November-January). The mean infant age was 2.11 +/− 0.55 months. The mean spherical equivalent refraction (SER) was 0.61 +/−1.56D. Children born in the photoperiod group with the most daylight hours had slightly lower refractions than those in the shortest photoperiod group (0.43D±1.60D vs. 0.87D±1.43D, p<0.05). In the longest photoperiod group the percentage of infants with SER<= −0.25D was significantly higher (51/179=28.49%) than in the shortest photoperiod group (31/177=17.51%) (p=0.02). Similar patterns were observed using the alternate season classification, with 1) lower mean SER in infants born in the summer vs. the winter and 2) a higher percentage of SER<= −0.25D in infants born in the summer vs. the winter. However, by regular seasons, the mean SERs were similar between summer and winter. A small, statistically significant lower refraction was found in infants with the most vs. the least daylight soon after birth, suggesting that light might play a small role in the refractive error of newborns.