Calibration and performance of the readout system based on switched capacitor arrays for the Large-Sized Telescope of the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Calibration and performance of the readout system based on switched capacitor arrays for the Large-Sized Telescope of the Cherenkov Telescope Array
复制标题
切伦科夫望远镜阵列大型望远镜开关电容阵列读出系统的标定与性能
DOI：
10.1117/12.2560018
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Seiya Nozaki et al.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MAGIC;and FERMI-LAT Collaborations;Seiya Nozaki et al.
切伦科夫望远镜阵列1（CTA）是下一代甚高能伽马射线地面观测站。CTA由三种类型的望远镜组成，它们具有不同的反射镜面积，可以覆盖较宽的能量范围（20 GeV-300 TeV），灵敏度比前辈高出一个数量级。在这些望远镜中，大型望远镜（LST）的设计目的是用直径23米的镜子探测20 GeV到几TeV之间的低能伽马射线。为了充分利用如此大的光收集区域（约400 m2），焦平面相机必须检测尽可能多的反射切伦科夫光。我们已经开发了十多年的相机组件，以满足CTA的性能要求，并在将相机安装到望远镜之前进行了质量控制测试。2，3第一个LST（LST-1）于2018年10月在西班牙拉帕尔马落成（图1）。同时，我们一直在开发的分析软件，以提取低电平数据的物理参数，考虑到一些固有的特性的开关电容器阵列，多米诺环形采样器版本4（DRS 4），用于采样的切伦科夫信号的波形。在本文中，我们在第2节中描述了LST相机的硬件设计，在第3节中描述了用于低水平校准的程序，并且在第4节中描述了使用专用分析链进行硬件校准后LST相机的读数e。
The Cherenkov Telescope Array1 (CTA) is the next-generation ground-based observatory for very-high-energy gamma rays. The CTA consists of three types of telescopes with different mirror areas to cover a wide energy range (20 GeV–300 TeV) with an order of magnitude higher sensitivity than the predecessors. Among those telescopes, the Large-Sized Telescope (LST) is designed to detect low-energy gamma rays between 20 GeV and a few TeV with a 23 m diameter mirror. To make the most of such a large light collection area (about 400 m2), the focal plane camera must detect as much reflected Cherenkov light as possible. We have developed each camera component to meet the CTA performance requirements for more than ten years and performed quality-control tests before installing the camera to the telescope.2, 3 The first LST (LST-1) was inaugurated in October 2018 in La Palma, Spain (Figure 1).4 After the inauguration, various calibration tests were performed to adjust hardware parameters and verify the camera performance. In parallel, we have been developing the analysis software to extract physical parameters from low-level data, taking into account some intrinsic characteristics of the switched capacitor arrays, Domino Ring Sampler version 4 (DRS4), used for sampling the waveform of a Cherenkov signal. In this contribution, we describe the hard- ware design of the LST camera in Section 2, a procedure for low-level calibration in Section 3, and the readout e of the LST camera after the hardware calibration with a dedicated analysis chain in Section 4.