microRNAs: Novel players in hepatitis C virus infection
microRNAs: Novel players in hepatitis C virus infection
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DOI：
10.1016/j.clinre.2014.04.008
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Lou, Lianqing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Xiaofei;Yang, Wenjun;Lou, Lianqing
丙型肝炎病毒是一种单链、阳性的RNA病毒。大约70%的接触丙型肝炎病毒的患者会发展成慢性感染，这可能会导致肝脏疤痕形成，最终导致肝硬化、肝功能衰竭和肝细胞癌。在过去的十年里，丙型肝炎病毒感染的标准治疗方法是干扰素-α和利巴韦林的组合。近年来，直接作用的抗病毒药物博西普韦和替拉维韦被添加到治疗方案中，大大提高了丙型肝炎病毒感染的治愈率。然而，这种治疗继续引起大量的副作用，并与抗药性有关，因为由于其RNA聚合酶的低保真度导致丙型肝炎病毒RNA基因组的频繁突变。MicroRNAs(MiRNAs)是一类长度约为22个核苷酸的非编码小RNA。它们来自细胞或病毒转录本，以序列特异性的方式与其靶mRNAs结合，导致mRNA切割或翻译抑制，随后调节大多数蛋白质编码基因的表达。MiRNAs参与调节丙型肝炎病毒生命周期的多个方面，某些miRNAs是干扰素抗病毒治疗的重要介体。此外，最近的研究证明了miRNAs作为治疗丙型肝炎传染性的新靶点的潜在价值。(C)2014年爱思唯尔·马森公司。版权所有。
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus. About 70% of patients exposed to HCV develop a chronic infection, which can lead to scarring of the liver and ultimately to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. For the past decade, the standard therapy for HCV infection has been a combination of interferon-alpha and ribavirin. In recent years, direct-acting antiviral agents, boceprevir and telaprevir, have been added to the therapeutic regimen and considerably improve the cure rates for HCV infection. However, the treatment continues to cause substantial side effects and is associated with drug resistance due to frequent mutations in the HCV RNA genome resulting from the low fidelity of its RNA polymerase. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding RNAs approximately 22 nucleotides in length. They are derived from cellular or viral transcripts and bind to their target mRNAs in a sequence-specific manner, resulting in either mRNA cleavage or translational repression and subsequent modulation of the expression of the majority of the protein-coding genes. miRNAs have been implicated in regulating multiple aspects of HCV life cycles and certain miRNAs serve as essential mediators for the interferon-based antiviral therapy. Furthermore, recent studies have documented the potential values of miRNAs as novel therapeutic targets against hepatitis C infectivity. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.